NDLI: Measurements of Particulate (PM$_{2.5}$), BC and Trace Gases Over the Northwestern Himalayan Region of India

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Atmospheric Fine and Coarse Mode Aerosols at Different Environments of India and the Bay of Bengal During Winter-2014: Implications of a Coordinated Campaign

Realization of Low Frequency Power Standard at NPLI

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Erratum to: Testing Vibration Rectification Error with Vibrafuge

MAPAN : Volume 29, Issue 3, September 2014

MAPAN : Volume 29, Issue 2, June 2014

MAPAN : Volume 29, Issue 1, March 2014

Measurements of Particulate (PM$_{2.5}$), BC and Trace Gases Over the Northwestern Himalayan Region of India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Sharma, S. K. Mandal, T. K. Sharma, C. Kuniyal, Jagdish Chandra Joshi, Ranjan Dhyani, Pitamber Prasad Sen, A. Ghayas, H. Gupta, N. C. Sharma, Priyanka Saxena, M. Sharma, A. Arya, B. C. Kumar, Arun
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Ambient trace gases (NH$_{3}$, NO, NO$_{2}$ and SO$_{2}$) and black carbon (BC) were measured along with particulate matter (PM$_{2.5}$) over the northwestern Himalayan region (Palampur, Kullu, Shimla, Solan and Nahan) of Himachal Pradesh (HP), India in a campaign mode during 12–22 March 2013 to evaluate the ambient air quality of the region. The average mixing ratio of ambient NH$_{3}$, NO, NO$_{2}$ and SO$_{2}$ were recorded as 7.1 ± 2.6, 3.1 ± 1.3, 3.9 ± 1.4 and 1.7 ± 0.7 ppb respectively over the northwestern Himalayan region. The average concentration of BC was estimated as 2.2 ± 0.5 µg m$^{−3}$ over the region whereas average concentration of PM$_{2.5}$ mass was estimated as 41.8 ± 7.9 µg m$^{−3}$. The spatial variation of ambient trace gases (NH$_{3}$, NO, NO$_{2}$ and SO$_{2}$), BC and PM$_{2.5}$ over the northwestern Himalayan region, India reveals that the region is mainly influenced by local activities, i.e., tourism activities, agricultural activities, biomass burning and vehicular emission. A significant positive linear correlation of NH$_{3}$ and NH$_{4}$ $^{+}$ with SO$_{4}$ $^{2−}$, NO$_{3}$ $^{−}$ and Cl$^{−}$ (NH$_{4}$ $^{+}$ vs. SO$_{4}$ $^{2−}$ , r $^{2}$ = 0.652; NH$_{4}$ $^{+}$ vs. NO$_{3}$ $^{−}$, r $^{2}$ = 0.701; and NH$_{4}$ $^{+}$ vs. Cl$^{−}$, r $^{2}$ = 0.627) of the PM$_{2.5}$ indicates the possible formation of (NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$SO$_{4}$, NH$_{4}$NO$_{3}$ and NH$_{4}$Cl aerosols over the region.
Starting Page	243
Ending Page	253
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09703950
Journal	MAPAN
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	09749853
Language	English
Publisher	Springer India
Publisher Date	2014-06-08
Publisher Institution	Metrology Society of India
Publisher Place	India
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Particulate matter Trace gases Organic carbon Elemental carbon WSIC Measurement Science and Instrumentation Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics Mathematical Methods in Physics Numerical and Computational Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy

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Measurements of Particulate (PM$_{2.5}$), BC and Trace Gases Over the Northwestern Himalayan Region of India