NDLI: Chemistry and Chemical Equilibrium Dynamics of BMAA and Its Carbamate Adducts

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Diaz parga, Pedro Goto, Joy J. Krishnan, V.V.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) has been demonstrated to contribute to the onset of the ALS/Parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) and is implicated in the progression of other neurodegenerative diseases. While the role of BMAA in these diseases is still debated, one of the suggested mechanisms involves the activation of excitatory glutamate receptors. In particular, the excitatory effects of BMAA are shown to be dependent on the presence of bicarbonate ions, which in turn forms carbamate adducts in physiological conditions. The formation of carbamate adducts from BMAA and bicarbonate is similar to the formation of carbamate adducts from non-proteinogenic amino acids. Structural, chemical, and biological information related to non-proteinogenic amino acids provide insight into the formation of and possible neurological action of BMAA. This article reviews the carbamate formation of BMAA in the presence of bicarbonate ions, with a particular focus on how the chemical equilibrium of BMAA carbamate adducts may affect the molecular mechanism of its function. Highlights of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based studies on the equilibrium process between free BMAA and its adducts are presented. The role of divalent metals on the equilibrium process is also explored. The formation and the equilibrium process of carbamate adducts of BMAA may answer questions on their neuroactive potency and provide strong motivation for further investigations into other toxic mechanisms.
Starting Page	76
Ending Page	86
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10298428
Journal	Neurotoxicity Research
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14763524
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2017-09-18
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) Carbamate NMR Chemical equilibrium Neurosciences Neurology Neurochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Neurobiology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Toxicology

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