NDLI: Botulinum neurotoxin structure, engineering, and novel cellular trafficking and targeting

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Singh, Bal Ram
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Botulinum neurotoxins are multifaceted molecules, which are truly unique not only in their mode of action, but also their utility as a drug carrier either across the gut wall or to the nerve terminals. The molecule is divided in clear functional domains that can operate independently. This feature can be used to employ them as cargo carrier by linking other drugs or vaccines with the binding and translocation domains of BoNT. While the domain structures are largely independent of each other, the dynamic structure of these domains, especially that of the enzymatic domain (L chain), is quite different from the reported crystal structures for several BoNT serotypes and their enzymatic domain. This review discusses the comparative structures of BoNT in crystal and solution for their relevance to the molecular mechanism of BoNT action, especially in view of our recent discovery that the enzymatically active structure of the BoNT exists as a molten-globule and that of the endopeptidase domain as a novel PRIME conformation. Finally, a non-exhaustive discussion has been included to explain the long-lasting biological effects of certain serotypes of BoNT, based on the current knowledge of the structure-function of different serotypes of botulinum neurotoxins.
Starting Page	73
Ending Page	92
Page Count	20
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10298428
Journal	Neurotoxicity Research
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	2-3
e-ISSN	14763524
Language	English
Publisher	Springer New York
Publisher Date	2009-03-07
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Botulinum neurotoxin Membrane translocation Translocation domain Enzymatic domain Endopeptidase domain PRIME conformation Molten-globule Serotypes Neurosciences Neurology Neurochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Neurobiology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Toxicology

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