NDLI: Neuromelanin of the Human Substantia Nigra: An Update

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Zucca, Fabio A. Basso, Emy Cupaioli, Francesca A. Ferrari, Emanuele Sulzer, David Casella, Luigi Zecca, Luigi
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra selectively degenerate over the course of Parkinson’s disease. These neurons are also the most heavily pigmented cells of the brain, accumulating the dark pigment neuromelanin over a lifetime. The massive presence of neuromelanin in these brain areas has long been suspected as a key factor involved in the selective vulnerability of neurons. The high concentration of neuromelanin in substantia nigra neurons seems to be linked to the presence of considerable amounts of cytosolic dopamine that have not been sequestered into synaptic vesicles. Over the past few years, studies have uncovered a dual nature of neuromelanin. Intraneuronal neuromelanin can be a protective factor, shielding the cells from toxic effects of redox active metals, toxins, and excess of cytosolic catecholamines. In contrast, neuromelanin released by dying neurons can contribute to the activation of neuroglia triggering the neuroinflammation that characterizes Parkinson’s disease. This article reviews recent studies on the molecular aspects of neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra.
Starting Page	13
Ending Page	23
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10298428
Journal	Neurotoxicity Research
Volume Number	25
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	14763524
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2013-10-24
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Neuromelanin Substantia nigra Parkinson’s disease Aging Neuroinflammation Neurodegeneration Neurosciences Neurology Neurochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Neurobiology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Toxicology

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