NDLI: A Time-Dependent Saliency Model Combining Center and Depth Biases for 2D and 3D Viewing Conditions

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A Time-Dependent Saliency Model Combining Center and Depth Biases for 2D and 3D Viewing Conditions

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gautier, J. Le Meur, O.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The role of the binocular disparity in the deployment of visual attention is examined in this paper. To address this point, we compared eye tracking data recorded while observers viewed natural images in 2D and 3D conditions. The influence of disparity on saliency, center and depth biases is first studied. Results show that visual exploration is affected by the introduction of the binocular disparity. In particular, participants tend to look first at closer areas in 3D condition and then direct their gaze to more widespread locations. Beside this behavioral analysis, we assess the extent to which state-of-the-art models of bottom-up visual attention predict where observers looked at in both viewing conditions. To improve their ability to predict salient regions, low-level features as well as higher-level foreground/background cues are examined. Results indicate that, consecutively to initial centering response, the foreground feature plays an active role in the early but also middle instants of attention deployments. Importantly, this influence is more pronounced in stereoscopic conditions. It supports the notion of a quasi-instantaneous bottom-up saliency modulated by higher figure/ground processing. Beyond depth information itself, the foreground cue might constitute an early process of “selection for action”. Finally, we propose a time-dependent computational model to predict saliency on still pictures. The proposed approach combines low-level visual features, center and depth biases. Its performance outperforms state-of-the-art models of bottom-up attention.
Starting Page	141
Ending Page	156
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18669956
Journal	Cognitive Computation
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	18669964
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-04-27
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Eye movements Saliency model Binocular disparity Stereoscopy Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics) Computational Biology/Bioinformatics Computation by Abstract Devices Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cognitive Neuroscience Computer Science Applications Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

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