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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link | 
|---|---|
| Author | Lee, Sooyong Oh, Paul Y. | 
| Copyright Year | 2015 | 
| Abstract | For a humanoid robot to safely walk in unknown environments, various sensors are used to identify the surface condition and recognize any obstacles. The humanoid robot is not fixed on the surface and the base/orientation of the kinematics change while it is walking. Therefore, if the foot contact changes from the estimated due to the unknown surface condition, the kinematics results are not correct. The robot may not be able to perform the motion commands based on the incorrect surface condition. Some robots have built-in range sensors but it’s difficult to accurately model the surface from the sensor readings because the movement of the robot should be considered and the robot localization should have zero error for correct interpretation of the sensor readings. In this paper, three infrared range sensors are used in order to perceive the floor state. Covariance analysis is incorporated to consider the uncertainties. The accelerometer and gyro sensor are also used in order to detect the moment a foot hits the surface. This information provides correction to the motion planner and robot kinematics when the environment is not modeled correctly. | 
| Starting Page | 175 | 
| Ending Page | 181 | 
| Page Count | 7 | 
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 15986446 | 
| Journal | International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems | 
| Volume Number | 13 | 
| Issue Number | 1 | 
| e-ISSN | 20054092 | 
| Language | English | 
| Publisher | Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems and The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers | 
| Publisher Date | 2014-12-18 | 
| Publisher Place | Heidelberg | 
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) | 
| Subject Keyword | Contact state estimation deadreckoning floor state estimation Control, Robotics, Mechatronics | 
| Content Type | Text | 
| Resource Type | Article | 
| Subject | Control and Systems Engineering Computer Science Applications | 
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