NDLI: SWIR ASTER band ratios for lithological mapping and mineral exploration: a case study from El Hudi area, southeastern desert, Egypt

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 3

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 2

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 1

SWIR ASTER band ratios for lithological mapping and mineral exploration: a case study from El Hudi area, southeastern desert, Egypt

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Madani, A. A. Emam, A. A.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	This study aims to discriminate and to map the basement rocks as well as the barite mineralization exposed at El Hudi area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt using the processed short-wave infrared bands of advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) in collaboration with the field verification and petrographic analysis. El Hudi area is covered dominantly by the Late Precambrian high-grade metamorphic complex of metasedimentary rocks (gneisses, schists, migmatites, and minor amphibolites) which are intruded by the younger granitoids. Nubian sandstones unconformably overlie the basement outcrops and occur as a remnant caps. The metasedimentary rocks cover the area of interest forming a belt of biotite gneisses and migmatites intercalated with hornblende biotite schists and minor amphibolites. Their exposures exhibit well-foliated and banded structures. The metasedimentary rocks have gray and dark gray image signatures on the ASTER band ratio image 8/5, which correspond to biotite gneiss, migmatites, and hornblende biotite schists, respectively. Presence of absorption feature near band 8 (2.295 – 2.365 μm) for the chlorite alteration product is probably responsible for the lowering of the 8/5 band ratio value and the dark gray image signature exhibited by hornblende biotite schists. The granitoid rocks in El Hudi area are late to postorogenic younger granitoids including three main rock types, Abu Aggag granites, El Hudi garnetiferous muscovite granites, and coarse-grained biotite granites. The acidic dykes are cutting across the granitoids and the gneisses and they form a highly elevated ridges and peaks showing sharp contact with the invaded rocks. Abu Aggag granites are highly dissected by great number of both strike- and dip-slip faults as well as joints trending in NNW–SSE, NNE–SSW, N–S, ENE–WSW, and WNW–ESE directions. On 7/8 band ratio image, Abu Aggag granites have dark gray image signature whereas postgranitic dykes have white image signature. Under the microscope, Abu Aggag granites are homogenous medium to coarse-grained rocks composed mainly of quartz, plagioclase, microcline, and biotite. Zircon, apatite, and opaques are accessories, while chlorite, kaolinite, and epidote are secondary minerals. Presence of absorption feature around band 7 (2.235–2.285 μm) for the kaolinite mineral may be responsible for the dark gray image signature exhibited by Abu Aggag granites. El Hudi garnetiferous muscovite granites are hosting El Hudi barite veins which extend mainly in NNW–SSE and NW–SE. Garnetiferous muscovite granites have gray image signature on 5/4 band ratio image whereas pegmatites and postgranitic dykes have black image signature. Barite veins can be distinguished within garnetiferous muscovite granites by their dark gray image signature on 5/4 band ratio image. The spectral reflectance curve of barite exhibits absorption feature around 2.1 μm (band 5), which leads to lower the ratio value and yields the dark image signature to barite veins. The above-described ASTER band ratio images were integrated into one false-color composite image (8/5:R; 5/4G; and 7/8B) which was used to produce 1:100,000 geological map for El Hudi area and to locate the barite mineralization.هذه الدراسة تهدف إلى تمييز وتخريط صخور القاعدة وكذلك تحديد تمعدن الباريت بمنطقة الهودى - جنوب الصحراء الشرقية – مصر، وذلك باستخدام بيانات الأستر بالاضافة للبيانات التى جمعت من الدراسات الحقلية والمجهرية. منطقة الهودى تغطى بمجموعة معقدة من صخور البريكامبرى المتحولة ذات الأصل الرسوبى (رسوبيات متحولة) والتى تشمل صخور النايس والمجماتيت والشيست والأمفيبولايت. هذه الصخور المتحولة تداخل فيها صخور الجرانيت الحديث،أما الحجر الرملى النوبى فإنه يوجد كغطاء سطحى يعلو صخور البريكامبرى سابقة الذكر ويفصله عنها سطح عدم توافق. صخور الرسوبيات المتحولة التى تغطي منطقة الدراسة تشكل حزام من البيوتايت نايس والمجماتيت و الهورنبلند-بيوتايت شيست مختلطا معها قليلا من صخور الأمفيبولايت. مكاشف هذه الصخور تعرض عملية التورق الصخرى بصورة جيدة، وتظهر فى صورة قسمة نطاقات الأستر(8\5) باللون الرمادى (البيوتايت نايس والمجماتيت) والرمادى الداكن (الهورنبلند-بيوتايت شيست). وجود خاصية الامتصاص بالقرب من الحزمة 8 (2.295 - 2.365 ميكرومتر) للكلورايت الناتج من التغير المعدنى يجعله هو المسئول عن تخفيض قيمة القسمة (8\5) لذا يظهر الهورنبلند بيوتايت شيست فى الصورة باللون الرمادي الداكن. صخور الجرانيت فى منطقة الهودى تصنف إلى ثلاث أنواع هى جرانيت أبو عجاج وجرانيت الهودى الماسكوفيتى وجرانيت الهودى البيوتايتى. جرانيت أبو عجاج يظهر باللون الرمادي الداكن فى صورة نسبة حزم الأستر (7\8) بينما القواطع تظهر بيضاء. الدراسة المجهرية أوضحت أن جرانيت أبو عجاج يتكون أساسا من معادن الكوارتز والبلاجيوكليز والميكروكلين والبيوتايت. يتواجد الزركون والأباتيت كمعادن إضافية، في حين يوجد الكلورايت والكولنيت والابيدوت كمعادن ثانوية. وجود خاصية الامتصاص للكولنيت حول حزمة الأستر 7 (2.235 - 2.285 ميكرومتر) قد تكون مسئولة عن ظهور جرانيت أبو عجاج باللون الرمادي الداكن فى صورة قسمة النطاقات (7\8). جرانيت الهودى الماسكوفيتى يستضيف تمعدن الباريت الذى يوجد فى شكل عروق باريت قاطعة للجرانيت وتمتد فى الاتجاه (شمال شمال غرب-جنوب جنوب شرق وشمال غرب-جنوب شرق). جرانيت الهودى الماسكوفيتى يظهر فى صورة قسمة النطاقات (5\4) باللون الرمادى بينما عروق البجماتيت والقواطع تظهر سوداء على الصورة. عروق البارات يمكن تمييزها داخل الجرانيت الماسكوفيتى باللون الرمادي الداكن على صورة قسمة النطاقات (5\4). إن منحنى الانعكاس الطيفيى لمعدن الباريت يوضح خاصية الامتصاص حول 2.1 ميكرومتر (حزمة الأستر 5) الأمر الذي يؤدي إلى انخفاض قيمة النسبة (5\4) وبالتالي ظهور عروق الباريت باللون الداكن. صور قسمة النطاقات لبيانات الأستر التى تم وصفها أعلاه، دمجت فى صورة ملونة واحدة لتعطى صورة نسب مركبة ذات ألوان كاذبة (8\5:R ؛ 5\4G & 7\8B). هذه الصورة المركبة استخدمت لإنتاج خريطة جيولوجية لمنطقة الهودى بمقياس رسم 1:100000 وتم تحديد مكان تمعدن الباريت فى المنطقة على الخريطة.
Starting Page	45
Ending Page	52
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18667511
Journal	Arabian Journal of Geosciences
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	1-2
e-ISSN	18667538
Language	Arabic
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-05-28
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	SWIR ASTER data Lithologic mapping Mineral exploration Band ratio El Hudi area Earth Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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