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Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2012

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 4

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 3

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 2

Arabian Journal of Geosciences : Volume 1

Two genetic types of volcanic-hosted massive sulfide mineralizations from the Eastern Desert of Egypt

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Abd Allah, Ahmed G.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Volcanic-hosted (Cu–Zn–Pb) massive sulfide mineralizations are described from four prospects in the Eastern Desert: Helgate, Maaqal, Derhib, and Abu Gurdi. Helgate and Maaqal prospects are hosted in island arc volcanics in a well-defined stratigraphic level. Massive sulfides form veins and lenses. Although these veins and lenses are locally deformed, sulfides from Helgate and Maaqal prospects show primary depositional features. They form layers and colloidal textures. Sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena are the major sulfides. Gangue minerals are represented by chlorite, quartz, and calcite. The sulfide mineralizations at Helgate and Maaqal are Zn-dominated. Derhib and Abu Gurdi prospects occur as disseminations, small massive lenses, and veins along shear zones in talc tremolite rocks at the contact between metavolcanics and metasedimentary rocks. The host rocks at Derhib and Abu Gurdi are metamorphosed to lower amphibolite facies as revealed by silicate mineral assemblage and chemistry. Chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, and galena are the major sulfide minerals while pyrrhotite is less common. Recrystallization, retexturing and remobilization of sulfide minerals are reflecting postdepositional metamorphic and structural modifications. Electrum and Ag–Pb–Bi tellurides are common accessories. Gangue minerals comprise amphiboles of actinolite and actinolitic hornblende composition, talc, and chlorite. The ores at Derhib and Abu Gurdi are Cu–Zn and Zn-dominated, respectively. The distinct geological, petrographical, and geochemical differences between sulfide mineralizations at Helgate–Maaqal on one hand and Derhib and Abu Gurdi on the other hand suggest two genetic types of sulfide mineralizations; Helgate–Maaqal prospects (type 1) are similar to the Archean analogs from Canada (Noranda type), while Derhib and Abu Gurdi (type 2) show similarity to ophiolite-associated deposits similar to those described from Cyprus, Oman, and Finland. In genetic type 1, ore minerals were deposited on the seafloor; the role of postdepositional hydrothermal activity is limited. In genetic type 2, base metals were part of the ultramafic rocks and were later redistributed and mobilized during deformation to be deposited along shear zones. The dominance and diversity of tellurides in genetic type 2 highlight the role of metamorphic–hydrothermal fluids.تم اختيار أربعة تواجدات لخام الكبريتيدات الكتلية بركانية النشأة من جنوب الصحراء الشرقية بمصر وهي حلجيت، المعقل، درهيب و ابوجردي. يتواجد الخام في حلجيت والمعقل على هيئة عروق وعدسات. بالرغم من تعرض هذه العروق والعدسات للتشوه الا أن معادن الكبريتيد تُظهر أنسجة أولية مثل الطباقية. معادن الكبريتيدات من حيث الوفرة هي الإسفاليريت، البيريت، الكالكوبيريت والجالينا. تتمثل المعادن الأرضية في الكوارتز، الكلوريت والكالسيت. كيميائياً يعتبر الخام في حلجيت والمعقل من نوع الزنك الغالب.في درهيب وابوجردي يتواجد الخام على هيئة مبعثرات وعدسات كتلية صغيرة على طول نطاق القص الفاصل بين الصخور البركانية المتحولة والصخور الرسوبية المتحولة. الكالكوبيريت، البيريت، الإسفاليريت والجالينا هي معادن الكبريتيدات المتواجدة من حيث الوفرة. خصائص معادن الكبريتيدات النسيجية تدل على تعرض الخام للتحول. معادن التليوريدات والإلكتروم معادن إضافية. المعدن الأرضية تشتمل على الأمفيبول، التلك والكلوريت. كيميائياً خام درهيب من النوع النحاس-زنك أما خام ابوجردي فمن نوع الزنك الغالبساهمت الإختلافات الجيولوجية، المعدنية والجيوكيميائية المميزة لخامات الكبريتيدات في المناطق تحت الدراسة في تقسيم هذه الخامات إلى نوعين: الأول خامي حلجيت والمعقل اللذان يشبهان خام النوراندا، والثاني خامي درهيب وابوجردي اللذان يعتبران من النوع المصاحب للأوفيوليت. في النوع الأول ترسبت معادن الكبريتيدات مباشرة في قاع البحر و تأثير المحاليل الحرمائية اللاحقة للترسيب محدود. في النوع الثاني ترسبت معادن الكبريتيدات مصاحبة للأوفيوليت ثم لاحقا نتيجة تعرضها للتحول حدث إعادة ترسيب على طول نطاق القص. ويعضد تعرض الخام للتحول وجود معادن التلوريدات التي تسلط الضوء على دور موائع التحول المؤثرة على الخام.
Starting Page	217
Ending Page	231
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18667511
Journal	Arabian Journal of Geosciences
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	18667538
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-05-27
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Volcanic-hosted Massive sulfides Mineral chemistry Earth Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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