NDLI: Consensus Paper: Radiological Biomarkers of Cerebellar Diseases

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Baldarçara, Leonardo Currie, Stuart Hadjivassiliou, M. Hoggard, Nigel Jack, Allison Jackowski, Andrea P. Mascalchi, Mario Parazzini, Cecilia Reetz, Kathrin Righini, Andrea Schulz, Jörg B. Vella, Alessandra Webb, Sara Jane Habas, Christophe
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Hereditary and sporadic cerebellar ataxias represent a vast and still growing group of diseases whose diagnosis and differentiation cannot only rely on clinical evaluation. Brain imaging including magnetic resonance (MR) and nuclear medicine techniques allows for characterization of structural and functional abnormalities underlying symptomatic ataxias. These methods thus constitute a potential source of radiological biomarkers, which could be used to identify these diseases and differentiate subgroups of them, and to assess their severity and their evolution. Such biomarkers mainly comprise qualitative and quantitative data obtained from MR including proton spectroscopy, diffusion imaging, tractography, voxel-based morphometry, functional imaging during task execution or in a resting state, and from SPETC and PET with several radiotracers. In the current article, we aim to illustrate briefly some applications of these neuroimaging tools to evaluation of cerebellar disorders such as inherited cerebellar ataxia, fetal developmental malformations, and immune-mediated cerebellar diseases and of neurodegenerative or early-developing diseases, such as dementia and autism in which cerebellar involvement is an emerging feature. Although these radiological biomarkers appear promising and helpful to better understand ataxia-related anatomical and physiological impairments, to date, very few of them have turned out to be specific for a given ataxia with atrophy of the cerebellar system being the main and the most usual alteration being observed. Consequently, much remains to be done to establish sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of available MR and nuclear medicine features as diagnostic, progression and surrogate biomarkers in clinical routine.
Starting Page	175
Ending Page	196
Page Count	22
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14734222
Journal	The Cerebellum
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	14734230
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-11-11
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cerebellum Ataxia Autism Dementia Radiological biomarker Immunity Fetal malformation MRI fMRI Spectroscopy Diffusion SPECT PET Ultrasound Neurosciences Neurology Neurobiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Neurology (clinical)

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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