NDLI: Regional-Dependent Intestinal Permeability and BCS Classification: Elucidation of pH-Related Complexity in Rats Using Pseudoephedrine

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fairstein, Moran Swissa, Rotem Dahan, Arik
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Based on its lower Log P value relative to metoprolol, a marker for the low/high-permeability (P $_{eff}$) class boundary, pseudoephedrine was provisionally classified as BCS low-permeability compound. On the other hand, following oral administration, pseudoephedrine fraction dose absorbed (F $_{abs}$) and systemic bioavailability approaches 100%. This represents a challenge to the generally recognized P $_{eff}$–F $_{abs}$ correlation. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind the confusion in pseudoephedrine’s BCS classification. Pseudoephedrine’s BCS solubility class was determined, and its physicochemical properties and intestinal permeability were thoroughly investigated, both in vitro and in vivo in rats, considering the complexity of the whole of the small intestine. Pseudoephedrine was found to be unequivocally a high-solubility compound. All of the permeability studies revealed similar phenomenon; at any given intestinal segment/pH, the permeability of metoprolol was higher than that of pseudoephedrine, however, as the intestinal region becomes progressively distal, and the pH gradually increases, pseudoephedrine’s permeability rises above that of metoprolol in the former segment. This unique permeability pattern likely explains pseudoephedrine’s complete absorption. In conclusion, pseudoephedrine is a BCS Class I compound; no discrepancy between P $_{eff}$ and F $_{abs}$ is involved in its absorption. Rather, it reflects the complexity behind P $_{eff}$ when considering the whole of the intestine. We propose to allow high-permeability classification to drugs with P $_{eff}$ that matches/exceeds the low/high class benchmark anywhere throughout the intestinal tract and not restricted necessarily to the jejunum.
Starting Page	589
Ending Page	597
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	12341234
Journal	The AAPS Journal
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15507416
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2013-02-26
Publisher Institution	American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Pharmacology/Toxicology Biochemistry Biotechnology Pharmacy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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