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The AAPS Journal : Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2000

The AAPS Journal : Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2000

The AAPS Journal : Volume 1

Aerosol delivery of muramyl dipeptide to rodent lungs

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Pettis, Ronald J. Hall, Iris Costa, Daniel Hickey, Anthony J.
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	Tuberculosis is the single most serious infectious disease worldwide. The respiratory tract is the primary site of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). A number of immunogenic components of the cell wall of MTB, if delivered to the lungs as aerosols, can be used to study the local immune response. The site of deposition of these aerosols can be employed to control their residence time in the lungs. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) aerosols were delivered to alveolar macrophages in the lungs of rodents. Guinea pig macrophages harvested by bronchoalveolar lavage were examined by differential interference contrast microscopy for morphological changes indicative of activation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed for the presence of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), and total protein content. Rat alveolar macrophages were studied for the production of nitric oxide, by induction of nitric oxide synthase. Twenty-four hours following exposure to an aerosol of MDP, alveolar macrophages exhibited morphological characterstics (spreading and pseudopodia), enzyme activity (NAG 50% above control), and production of the reactive intermediate nitric oxide. Rat macrophages subjected to aerosol exposure to MDP when challenged with a second dose of MDP or lipopolysaccharide exhibited a linear dose response as measured by nitric oxide production. These studies indicate that the topical delivery of an MTB bacterial cell wall component. muramyl dipeptide, results in activation of alveolar macrophages. This approach may be useful in elucidating elements of the immune response to MTB.
Starting Page	53
Ending Page	61
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	12341234
Journal	The AAPS Journal
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15221059
Language	English
Publisher	Springer New York
Publisher Date	2000-09-01
Publisher Institution	American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Aerosols Muramyl Dipeptide Alveolar Macrophages Pharmacology/Toxicology Biochemistry Biotechnology Pharmacy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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