NDLI: Effects of Increased Salinity and Inundation on Inorganic Nitrogen Exchange and Phosphorus Sorption by Tidal Freshwater Floodplain Forest Soils, Georgia (USA)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Jun, Mihee Altor, Anne E. Craft, Christopher B.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	We investigated the effects of increasing salinity and inundation on inorganic N exchange and P sorption/precipitation in soils of tidal freshwater floodplain forests (TFFF) of coastal Georgia, USA. Our objectives were to better understand how sea level rise, increasing inundation, and saltwater intrusion will affect the ability of TFFFs to retain nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). We collected soil cores (0–5 cm) from three TFFFs that do not currently experience saltwater intrusion and from one TFFF currently experiencing saltwater intrusion and measured NH$_{4}$-N exchange and PO$_{4}$-P removal over five simulated 6-h tidal cycles using nutrient-enriched freshwater (30 μM NH$_{4}$-N and 5 μM PO$_{4}$-P). In a second experiment, we exposed soil cores to three salinities (0, 2, and 5) and two inundation depths (5 and 10 cm) using the same nutrient enrichment. When flooded with nutrient-enriched freshwater, soils from the three TFFFs that do not experience saltwater intrusion removed inorganic N and P in amounts ranging from 5.2 to 10.7 and 2.3 to 4.4 mg/m$^{2}$, respectively, and the TFFF soils experiencing saltwater intrusion removed 2.1 to 3.8 mg P/m$^{2}$. However, TFFF soils experiencing saltwater intrusion released inorganic N to the water column in amounts ranging from 7.1 to 67.5 mg/m$^{2}$. In the second experiment, soils from TFFFs not experiencing saltwater intrusion released NH$_{4}$-N to the water column when exposed to 2 and 5 salinity, and the amount of N released increased with salinity and number of tidal cycles. In contrast, the same TFFF soils sorbed two and three times more PO$_{4}$-P when exposed to 2 and 5 salinity than when exposed to 0 salinity. P removal on a mass basis was greater under 10 cm of inundation, but the efficiency of removal was greater under the 5 cm flooding depth. Our findings suggest that saltwater intrusion caused by sea level rise will promote N release into the water column through organic matter mineralization and/or ion exchange and may promote P sorption, or precipitation of P with metal cations. In addition, release of N and resulting increased N/P could exacerbate eutrophication of estuaries in the future.
Starting Page	508
Ending Page	518
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15592723
Journal	Estuaries
Volume Number	36
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15592731
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-05-15
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Tidal freshwater floodplain forest N exchange P sorption and precipitation Saltwater intrusion Inundation Sea level rise Environment Ecology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Environmental Management Nature Conservation Coastal Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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