NDLI: Sublethal Effects of Crude Oil on the Community Structure of Estuarine Phytoplankton

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gilde, Kailen Pinckney, James L.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	While the ecological impacts of crude oil exposure have been widely studied, its sublethal effects on phytoplankton community structure in salt marsh estuaries have not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to simulate oil spill conditions using a microcosm design to examine short-term (2 day) changes in phytoplankton community composition and total biomass following exposure to crude oil obtained from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and a mixture of Texas crude oils. Microcosm experiments were performed in situ in North Inlet Estuary near Georgetown, SC. A control and six replicated experimental treatments of crude oil additions at final concentrations of 10, 50, or 100 μl l$^{−1}$ of either Deepwater Horizon spill oil or the Texas crude mixture were incubated under in situ conditions. Photopigments were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and community composition was determined using ChemTax. Total phytoplankton biomass (as chl a) declined with increasing crude oil concentrations. Prasinophytes, the most abundant microalga in both experiments, showed no response to oil exposure in one experiment and a significant negative response in the other. Diatoms euglenophytes and chlorophytes appeared relatively resistant to oil contamination at the exposure levels used in this study, maintaining or increasing their relative abundance with increasing oil concentrations. Chlorophytes and cyanobacteria increased in relative abundance while cryptophyte abundance decreased with increasing oil concentrations. The results of these experiments suggest that low levels of crude oil exposure may reduce total biomass and alter phytoplankton community composition with possible cascade effects at higher trophic levels in salt marsh estuaries.
Starting Page	853
Ending Page	861
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15592723
Journal	Estuaries
Volume Number	35
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15592731
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-01-25
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	HPLC ChemTax Bioassay Prasinophytes Diatoms Horizon Maconco spill Freshwater & Marine Ecology Ecology Nature Conservation Environment Coastal Sciences Environmental Management
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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