NDLI: Strategies for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Metagenomic-based Enzyme Discovery in Lignocellulolytic Microbial Communities

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Strategies for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Metagenomic-based Enzyme Discovery in Lignocellulolytic Microbial Communities

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	DeAngelis, Kristen M. Gladden, John M. Allgaier, Martin D’haeseleer, Patrik Fortney, Julian L. Reddy, Amitha Hugenholtz, Philip Singer, Steven W. Gheynst, Jean S. Silver, Whendee L. Simmons, Blake A. Hazen, Terry C.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Producing cellulosic biofuels from plant material has recently emerged as a key US Department of Energy goal. For this technology to be commercially viable on a large scale, it is critical to make production cost efficient by streamlining both the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass and fuel production. Many natural ecosystems efficiently degrade lignocellulosic biomass and harbor enzymes that, when identified, could be used to increase the efficiency of commercial biomass deconstruction. However, ecosystems most likely to yield relevant enzymes, such as tropical rain forest soil in Puerto Rico, are often too complex for enzyme discovery using current metagenomic sequencing technologies. One potential strategy to overcome this problem is to selectively cultivate the microbial communities from these complex ecosystems on biomass under defined conditions, generating less complex biomass-degrading microbial populations. To test this premise, we cultivated microbes from Puerto Rican soil or green waste compost under precisely defined conditions in the presence dried ground switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) or lignin, respectively, as the sole carbon source. Phylogenetic profiling of the two feedstock-adapted communities using SSU rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing or phylogenetic microarray analysis revealed that the adapted communities were significantly simplified compared to the natural communities from which they were derived. Several members of the lignin-adapted and switchgrass-adapted consortia are related to organisms previously characterized as biomass degraders, while others were from less well-characterized phyla. The decrease in complexity of these communities make them good candidates for metagenomic sequencing and will likely enable the reconstruction of a greater number of full-length genes, leading to the discovery of novel lignocellulose-degrading enzymes adapted to feedstocks and conditions of interest.
Starting Page	146
Ending Page	158
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19391234
Journal	BioEnergy Research
Volume Number	3
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	19391242
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-03-30
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Lignocellulolytic Enzymes Metagenome Community Rain forest Compost PhyloChip Pyrotag Wood Science & Technology Plant Ecology Plant Breeding/Biotechnology Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Sciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Agronomy and Crop Science

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Strategies for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Metagenomic-based Enzyme Discovery in Lignocellulolytic Microbial Communities

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Strategies for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Metagenomic-based Enzyme Discovery in Lignocellulolytic Microbial Communities

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