NDLI: Laccase-Mediator Pretreatment of Wheat Straw Degrades Lignin and Improves Saccharification

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Rencoret, Jorge Pereira, Antonio Río, José C. Martínez, Angel T. Gutiérrez, Ana
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Agricultural by-products such as wheat straw are attractive feedstocks for the production of second-generation bioethanol due to their high abundance. However, the presence of lignin in these lignocellulosic materials hinders the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. The purposes of this work are to study the ability of a laccase-mediator system to remove lignin improving saccharification, as a pretreatment of wheat straw, and to analyze the chemical modifications produced in the remaining lignin moiety. Up to 48 % lignin removal from ground wheat straw was attained by pretreatment with Pycnoporus cinnabarinus laccase and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) as mediator, followed by alkaline peroxide extraction. The lignin removal directly correlated with increases (∼60 %) in glucose yields after enzymatic saccharification. The pretreatment using laccase alone (without mediator) removed up to 18 % of lignin from wheat straw. Substantial lignin removal (37 %) was also produced when the enzyme-mediator pretreatment was not combined with the alkaline peroxide extraction. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) analysis of the whole pretreated wheat straw material swollen in dimethylsulfoxide-d $_{ 6 }$ revealed modifications of the lignin polymer, including the lower number of aliphatic side chains involved in main β-O-4′ and β-5′ inter-unit linkages per aromatic lignin unit. Simultaneously, the removal of p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl lignin units and of p-coumaric and ferulic acids, as well as a moderate decrease of tricin units, was observed without a substantial change in the wood polysaccharide signals. Especially noteworthy was the formation of Cα-oxidized lignin units during the enzymatic treatment.
Starting Page	917
Ending Page	930
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19391234
Journal	BioEnergy Research
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	19391242
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-05-12
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Enzymatic delignification Laccase-mediator Lignin Wheat straw 2D NMR Bioethanol Plant Sciences Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Breeding/Biotechnology Plant Ecology Wood Science & Technology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Agronomy and Crop Science

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