NDLI: Causes and Consequences of MicroRNA Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Tan, Lin Yu, Jin Tai Tan, Lan
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), originate from a loss of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and are severely debilitating. The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases increases with age, and they are expected to become more common due to extended life expectancy. Because of no clear mechanisms, these diseases have become a major challenge in neurobiology. It is well recognized that these disorders become the culmination of many different genetic and environmental influences. Prior studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are pathologically altered during the inexorable course of some neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that miRNAs may be the contributing factor in neurodegeneration. Here, we review what is known about the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The biogenesis of miRNAs and various functions of miRNAs that act as the chief regulators will be discussed. We focus in particular on dysregulation of miRNAs which leads to several neurodegenerative diseases from three aspects: miRNA-generating disorders, miRNA-targeting genes and epigenetic alterations. Furthermore, recent evidences have shown that circulating miRNA expression levels are changed in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Circulating miRNA expression levels are reported in patients in order to evaluate their application as biomarkers of these diseases. A discussion is included with a potential diagnostic biomarker and the possible future direction in exploring the nexus between miRNAs and various neurodegenerative diseases.
Starting Page	1249
Ending Page	1262
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08937648
Journal	Molecular Neurobiology
Volume Number	51
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15591182
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-06-29
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Huntington’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis MicroRNA Neurosciences Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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