NDLI: Early Loss of Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity Precedes NOX2 Elevation in the Prefrontal Cortex of an Animal Model of Psychosis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Schiavone, Stefania Mhillaj, Emanuela Neri, Margherita Morgese, Maria Grazia Tucci, Paolo Bove, Maria Valenti, Mario Di Giovanni, Giuseppe Pomara, Cristoforo Turillazzi, Emanuela Trabace, Luigia Cuomo, Vincenzo
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The social isolation rearing of young adult rats is a model of psychosocial stress and provides a nonpharmacological tool to study alterations reminiscent of symptoms seen in psychosis. We have previously demonstrated that social isolation in rats leads to increased oxidative stress and to cerebral NOX2 elevations. Here, we investigated early alterations in mRNA expression leading to increased NOX2 in the brain. Rats were exposed to a short period of social isolation (1 week) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for mRNA expression of genes involved in blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation and integrity (ORLs, Vof 21 and Vof 16, Leng8, Vnr1, and Trank 1 genes) was performed. Real-time PCR experiments, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting analysis showed an increased expression of these genes and related proteins in isolated rats with respect to control animals. The expression of specific markers of BBB integrity, such as matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), occludin 1, and plasmalemmal vesicle associated protein-1 (PV-1), was also significantly altered after 1 week of social isolation. BBB permeability, evaluated by quantification of Evans blue dye extravasation, as well as interstitial fluid, was significantly increased in rats isolated for 1 week with respect to controls. Isolation-induced BBB disruption was also accompanied by a significant increase of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) expression. Conversely, no differences in NOX2 levels were detected at this time point. Our study demonstrates that BBB disruption precedes NOX2 elevations in the brain. These results provide new insights in the interplay of mechanisms linking psychosocial stress to early oxidative stress in the brain, disruption of the BBB, and the development of mental disorders.
Starting Page	2031
Ending Page	2044
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08937648
Journal	Molecular Neurobiology
Volume Number	54
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15591182
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-02-24
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Blood-brain barrier Oxidative stress Social isolation Psychosis NADPH oxidase Neurosciences Neurobiology Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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