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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Sharma, Hari S. Peters, Theodorus H. F. Moorhouse, Michael J. Spek, Peter J. Bogers, Ad J. J. C. |
| Copyright Year | 2006 |
| Abstract | Right ventricular hypertrophy and failure are prominent features in cyanotic congenital heart disease, tetralogy of Fallot (TF). Patients with TF require primary cardiac surgery at a very young age. To gain insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of right ventricular hypertrophy and to identify gene(s) involved in TF, differential gene expression profile was assessed using expression-based microarray technology on right ventricular biopsies from young TF patients who underwent primary correction. By using quantitative immunohistochemistry, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), flk-1, and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (collagens and fibronectin) as well as vessel counts and myocyte cell size was evaluated in TF patients in relation to age-matched controls. Among 236 genes showing altered expression pattern in TF patients, VEGF (1.8-fold) and ECM markers were clearly upregulated (fibronectin, 2.4-fold; collagen Iα, 7.5-fold; and collagen III, 4.4-fold); flk-1 and most matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) remained unchanged, except the levels of MMP-13 and-17 declined. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases showed a downregulated pattern. Staining of VEGF in cardiomyocytes and of ECM proteins (fibronectin, collagen I and III) in interstitial as well as in perivascular area was increased (p<0.01) in TF patients. Morphometric analysis revealed enhanced vascular density (p<0.05) with unchanged wall thickness and enlarged myocyte cross-sectional areas (p<0.01) with linear correlation (p<0.01) with the age in TF-1 patients. We conclude that the upregulation of genes encoding VEGF and ECM proteins are the key events contributing to right ventricular hypertrophy and stunted angiogenesis in patients with TF. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 9 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 10859195 |
| Journal | Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics |
| Volume Number | 44 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 15590283 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Humana Press |
| Publisher Date | 2006-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | Totowa |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Biochemistry Pharmacology/Toxicology Biotechnology Cell Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Cell Biology Medicine Biochemistry Biophysics |
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