NDLI: Interaction Between Zinc, Cadmium, and Lead in Scalp Hair Samples of Pakistani and Irish Smokers Rheumatoid Arthritis Subjects in Relation to Controls

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Afridi, Hassan Imran Kazi, Tasneem Gul Brabazon, Dermot Naher, Sumsun
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been associated with cigarette smoking. The aim of our study was to assess the trace essential and toxic metals, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), in scalp hair samples of 32 Irish and 46 Pakistani smokers and non-smokers RA male patients with age range 42–56 years. For comparison purpose, the scalp hair samples of 27 Irish and 55 Pakistani non-RA male subjects of the same age group were collected. The concentrations of trace and toxic elements were measured by inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer prior to microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology was checked using certified reference materials and using conventional wet acid digestion method on the same certified reference materials (CRMs). The recovery of all studied elements was found to be in the range of 97.5–99.7% of certified reference values of CRMs. The results of this study showed that the mean values of Cd and Pb were significantly higher in scalp hair samples of both smoker and non-smoker RA patients than in referents (P < 0.001), whereas the concentration of Zn was lower in the scalp hair samples of smokers and non-smokers rheumatoid arthritis patients. The deficiency of Zn and the high exposure of Cd and Pb as a result of cigarette smoking may be synergistic risk factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
Starting Page	139
Ending Page	147
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01634984
Journal	Biological Trace Element Research
Volume Number	148
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15590720
Language	English
Publisher	Humana Press Inc
Publisher Date	2012-02-15
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Scalp hair Zinc Toxic elements Pakistani rheumatoid arthritis patients Irish rheumatoid arthritis patients Atomic absorption spectrophotometer Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer Biotechnology Oncology Biochemistry Nutrition
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry (medical) Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Biochemistry Biochemistry Inorganic Chemistry

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