NDLI: Biodiesel production from waste cooking palm oil using calcium oxide supported on activated carbon as catalyst in a fixed bed reactor

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Buasri, Achanai Ksapabutr, Bussarin Panapoy, Map Chaiyut, Nattawut
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	A reactor has been developed to produce high quality fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from waste cooking palm oil (WCO). Continuous transesterification of free fatty acids (FFA) from acidified oil with methanol was carried out using a calcium oxide supported on activated carbon (CaO/AC) as a heterogeneous solid-base catalyst. CaO/AC was prepared according to the conventional incipient-wetness impregnation of aqueous solutions of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO$_{3}$)$_{2}$·4H$_{2}$O) precursors on an activated carbon support from palm shell in a fixed bed reactor with an external diameter of 60 mm and a height of 345 mm. Methanol/oil molar ratio, feed flow rate, catalyst bed height and reaction temperature were evaluated to obtain optimum reaction conditions. The results showed that the FFA conversion increased with increases in alcohol/oil molar ratio, catalyst bed height and temperature, whereas decreased with flow rate and initial water content in feedstock increase. The yield of FAME achieved 94% at the reaction temperature 60 °C, methanol/oil molar ratio of 25: 1 and residence time of 8 h. The physical and chemical properties of the produced methyl ester were determined and compared with the standard specifications. The characteristics of the product under the optimum condition were within the ASTM standard. High quality waste cooking palm oil methyl ester was produced by combination of heterogeneous alkali transesterification and separation processes in a fixed bed reactor. In sum, activated carbon shows potential for transesterification of FFA.
Starting Page	1708
Ending Page	1712
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02561115
Journal	Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	19757220
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-05-23
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Biodiesel Waste Cooking Palm Oil Heterogeneous Catalysis Fixed Bed Reactor Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Catalysis Materials Science Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Chemical Engineering

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