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A heat budget study on the mechanism of SST variations in the Indian ocean dipole regions

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Hu, Ruijin Liu, Qinyu Li, Chongyin
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	By using a new heat budget equation that is closely related to the sea surface temperature (SST) and a dataset from an ocean general circulation model (MOM2) with 10-a integration (1987–1996), the relative importance of various processes determining SST variations in two regions of the Indian Ocean is compared. These regions are defined by the Indian Ocean Dipole Index and will be referred to hereafter as the eastern (0°–10°S, 90°–110°E) and western regions (10°S–10°N, 50°–70°E), respectively. It is shown that in each region there is a falling of SST in boreal summer and a rising in most months of other seasons, but the phases are quite different. In the eastern region, maximum cooling rate occurs in July, whereas in the western region it occurs in June with much larger magnitude. Maximum heating rate occurs in November in the eastern region, but in March in the western one. The western region exhibits another peak of increasing rate of SST in October, indicating a typical half-year period. Net surface heat flux and entrainment show roughly the same phases as the time-varying term, but the former has much larger contribution in most of a year, whereas the latter is important in the boreal summer. Horizontal advection, however, shows completely different seasonal variations as compared with any other terms in the heat budget equation. In the eastern region, it has a maximum in June/November and a minimum in March/September, manifesting a half-year period; in the western region, it reaches the maximum in August and the minimum in November. Further investigation of the horizontal advection indicates that the zonal advection has almost the opposite sign to the meridional advection. In the eastern region, the zonal advection is negative with a peak in August, whereas the meridional one is positive with two peaks in June and October. In the western region, the zonal advection is negative from March to November with two peaks in June and November, whereas the meridional one is positive with one peak in July. Different phases can be clearly seen between the two regions for each component of the horizontal advection. A detailed analysis of the data of 1994, a year identified when the Indian Ocean dipole event happened, indicates that the horizontal advection plays a dominant role in the remarkable cooling of the eastern region, in which zonal and meridional advections have the same sign of anomaly. However, in the western region in 1994 no any specialty was shown as compared with other years, for the SST anomaly is not positive in large part of this region. All these imply that the eastern and western regions may be related in a quite complex way and have many differences in dynamics. Further study is needed.
Starting Page	334
Ending Page	342
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	16725182
Journal	Journal of Ocean University of China
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	19935021
Language	English
Publisher	Science Press
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Publisher Place	Beijing
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	heat budget equation SST variation mechanism Indian Ocean dipole Oceanography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Oceanography Ocean Engineering

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