NDLI: Transesterification of Fish Oil to Produce Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters Using Ultrasonic Energy

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Armenta, Roberto E. Vinatoru, Mircea Burja, Adam M. Kralovec, Jaroslav A. Barrow, Colin J.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	This study evaluated the production of fatty acid ethyl esters from fish oil using ultrasonic energy and alkaline catalysts dissolved in ethanol. The feasibility of fatty acid ethyl ester production was determined using an ultrasonic bath and probe, and between 0.5 and 1% KOH (added to the fish oil). Furthermore, factors such as ultrasonic device (bath and probe), catalyst (KOH and C$_{2}$H$_{5}$ONa), temperature (20 and 60 °C), and duration of exposure (10–90 min) were assessed. Sodium ethoxide was found to be a more efficient catalyst than KOH when transesterifying fish oil. Ultrasonic energy applied for greater than 30 min at 60 °C using 0.8% of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$ONa as a catalyst transesterified over 98% fish oil triglycerides to fatty acid ethyl esters. It is reasonable to conclude that the yield of fatty acid ethyl esters produced by applying ultrasonic energy to fish oil is related to the sonication time. Due to increases in the surface area contact between the reactants and the catalyst, ultrasonic energy has the potential to reduce the production time required by a conventional large-scale commercial transesterification method that uses agitation as a way of mixing.
Starting Page	1045
Ending Page	1052
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0003021X
Journal	Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
Volume Number	84
Issue Number	11
e-ISSN	15589331
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-09-18
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Transesterification Ultrasonic energy Fish oil Polyunsaturated fatty acids Base catalysts Fatty acid ethyl esters Agriculture Biomaterials Biotechnology Chemistry/Food Science Analytical Chemistry Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Organic Chemistry Chemical Engineering

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