NDLI: Comparative effects of α- and γ-linolenic acids on rat liver fatty acid oxidation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kumamoto, Tamotsu Ide, Takashi
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	It has been reported that both n−3 and n−6 octadecatrienoic acids can increase hepatic fatty acid oxidation activity. It remains unclear, however, whether different enzymes in fatty acid oxidation show a similar response to n−3 and n−6 octadecatrienoic acids. The activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rats fed an oil mixture rich in α-linolenic acid (18:3n−3) and borage oil rich in γ-linolenic acid (18:3n−6) was therefore compared to that in rats fed an oil mixture rich in linoleic acid (18:2n−6) and a saturated fat (palm oil) in this study. Linseed oil served as the source of 18:3n−3 for the oil mixture rich in this octadecatrienoic acid and contained 30.6% 18:3n−3 but not 18:3n−6. Borage oil contained 25.7% 18:3n−6 and 4.5% 18:3n−3. Groups of seven rats each were fed diets containing 15% various fats for 15 d. The oxidation rate of palmitoyl-CoA in the peroxisomes was higher in rats fed a fat mixture rich in 18:3n−3 (3.03 nmol/min/mg protein) and borage oil (2.89 nmol/min/mg protein) than in rats fed palm oil (2.08 nmol/min/mg protein) and a fat mixture rich in 18:2n−6 (2.15 nmol/min/mg protein). The mitochondrial palmitoyl-CoA oxidation rate was highest in rats fed a fat mixture rich in 18:3n−3 (1.93 nmol/min/mg protein), but no significant differences in this parameter were seen among the other groups (1.25–1.46 nmol/min/mg protein). Compared to palm oil and fat mixtures rich in 18:2n−6, a fat mixture rich in 18:3n−3 and borage oil significantly increased the hepatic activity of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase and acyl-CoA oxidase. Compared to palm oil and a fat mixture rich in 18:2n−6, a fat mixture rich in 18:3n−3, but not fats rich in 18:3n−6, significantly decreased 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity. Compared to palm oil and a fat mixture rich in 18:2n−6, borage oil profoundly decreased mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity, but a fat mixture rich in 18:3n−3 increased it. 2,4-Dienoyl-CoA reductase activity was significantly lower in rats fed palm oil than in other groups. Compared to other fats, borage oil significantly increased Δ$^{3}$, Δ$^{2}$-enoyl-CoA isomerase activity. Activity was also significantly higher in rats fed 18:2n−6 oil than in those fed palm oil. It was confirmed that both dietary 18:3n−6 and 18:3n−3 increased fatty acid oxidation activity in the liver. These two dietary octadecatrienoic acids differ considerably, however, in how they affect individual fatty acid oxidation enzymes.
Starting Page	647
Ending Page	654
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00244201
Journal	Lipids
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15589307
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Nutrition Bioorganic Chemistry Medicinal Chemistry Medical Biochemistry Biochemistry Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Organic Chemistry Biochemistry

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