NDLI: The hypotriglyceridemic effect of dietary n−3 FA is associated with increased β-oxidation and reduced leptin expression

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ukropec, J. Reseland, J. E. Gasperikova, D. Demcakova, E. Madsen, L. Berge, R. K. Rustan, A. C. Klimes, I. Drevon, C. A. Sebökova, E.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	To study the mechanisms responsible for the hypotriglyceridemic effect of marine oils, we monitored the effects of high dietary intake of n−3 PUFA on hepatic and muscular β-oxidation, plasma leptin concentration, leptin receptor gene expression, and in vivo insulin action. Two groups of male Wistar rats were fed either a high-fat diet [28% (w/w) of saturated fat] or a high-fat diet containing 10% n−3 PUFA and 18% saturated fat for 3 wk. The hypotriglyceridemic effect of n−3 PUFA was accompanied by increased hepatic oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA (125%, P<0.005) and palmitoyl-l-carnitine (480%, P<0.005). These findings were corroborated by raised carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 activity (154%, P<0.001) and mRNA levels (91%, P<0.01) as well as by simultaneous elevation of hepatic peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase activity (144%, P<0.01) and mRNA content (82%, P<0.05). In contrast, hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 activity remained unchanged despite a twofold increased mRNA level after n−3 PUFA feeding. Skeletal muscle FA oxidation was less affected by dietary n−3 PUFA, and the stimulatory effect was found only in peroxisomes. Dietary intake of n−3 PUFA was followed by increased acyl-CoA oxidase activity (48%, P<0.05) and mRNA level (83%, P<0.05) in skeletal muscle. The increased FA oxidation after n−3 PUFA supplementation of the high-fat diet was accompanied by lower plasma leptin concentration (−38%, P<0.05) and leptin mRNA expression (−66%, P<0.05) in retroperitoneal adipose tissue, and elevated hepatic mRNA level for the leptin receptor Ob-Ra (140%, P<0.05). Supplementation of the high-fat diet with n−3 PUFA enhanced in vivo insulin sensitivity, as shown by normalization of the glucose infusion rate during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp.Our results indicate that the hypotriglyceridemic effect of dietary n−3 PUFA is associated with stimulation of FA oxidation in the liver and to a smaller extent in skeletal muscle. This may ameliorate dyslipidemia, tissue lipid accumulation, and insulin action, in spite of decreased plasma leptin level and leptin mRNA in adipose tissue.
Starting Page	1023
Ending Page	1029
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00244201
Journal	Lipids
Volume Number	38
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	15589307
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Lipidology Neurochemistry Medical Biochemistry Nutrition Medicinal Chemistry Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Organic Chemistry Biochemistry

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