NDLI: Optimized Microemulsion Systems for Detergency of Vegetable Oils at Low Surfactant Concentration and Bath Temperature

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Attaphong, Chodchak Sabatini, David A.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Triglycerides and vegetable oils are amongst the most difficult oils to remove from fabrics due to their highly hydrophobic nature; this is all the more challenging as cold water detergency is pursued in the interest of energy efficiency. Recently, extended surfactants have produced very encouraging detergency performance at ambient temperature, especially at low surfactant concentration. However, the salinity requirement for extended surfactants was excessive (4–14%) and there is limited research on extended-surfactant-based microemulsions for cold water detergency (below 25 °C). Therefore, extended-surfactant-based microemulsions are introduced in this study for cold temperature detergency of vegetable oils with promising salinity and surfactant concentration. The overall goal of this study is to explore the optimized microemulsion formulations with low surfactant and salt concentration using extended surfactant for canola oil detergency at both 25 and 10 °C. It was found that microemulsion systems achieved good performances (higher than those of commercial detergents) corresponding to IFT value 0.1–1 mN/m with the surfactant concentration as low as 10 ppm and 4% NaCl at 25 °C, and as low as 250 ppm and 0.1% (1000 ppm) NaCl at 10 °C. In addition, microemulsion systems were investigated with a different salt (CaCl$_{2}$, or water hardness, versus NaCl) at 10 °C, demonstrating that 0.025% CaCl$_{2}$ (250 ppm) can produce good detergency; this is in the hardness range of natural water. These results provide qualitative guidance for microemulsion formulations of vegetable oil detergency and for future design of energy-efficient microemulsion systems.
Starting Page	805
Ending Page	813
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10973958
Journal	Journal of Surfactants and Detergents
Volume Number	20
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15589293
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2017-04-24
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Detergency Vegetable oils Microemulsion Extended surfactants Low temperature Hardness Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Polymer Sciences Physical Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surfaces, Coatings and Films Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Chemical Engineering

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