NDLI: Primary Biodegradation of Commercial Fatty-Alcohol Ethoxylate Surfactants: Characteristic Parameters

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Jurado, E. Fernández Serra, M. Núñez Olea, J. Lechuga, M.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	This paper concerns the primary biodegradation of different commercial fatty-alcohol ethoxylate surfactants (FAEs), applying the OECD 301 E test for ready biodegradability. Changes were made both in the carbon-chain length of the surfactants as well as in the number of units of ethylene oxide (EO) in its molecule. The biodegradation were monitored, analysing the colony-forming units (CFU) formed during this process. From the biodegradation profiles drawn for the FAEs, parameters characteristic of the biodegradation process were defined: latency time (t $_{L}$), biodegradability at 50 h of assay (B), half-life (t $_{1/2}$), mean biodegradation rate until reaching biodegradability of 85% (V $_{M}$), and the residual concentration of the surfactant (S $_{R}$). The analysis of these parameters enabled the establishment of the influence of surfactant concentration and structure during the biodegradation process. The increase in the surfactant concentration lowered the rate of the biodegradation process and the biodegradability of the surfactant in addition to the half-life and residual concentration of the surfactant. The mean biodegradation rate, V $_{M}$, for fatty-alcohol ethoxylates increased with the number of EO units and molecular weight of the surfactant. At low initial test concentrations (less than 25 mg/L), the concentration of the residual surfactant rapidly diminished with biodegradation time. For higher concentrations, after an adaptation period of the microorganisms, the surfactant concentration declined exponentially and the biodegradation rate became far slower for all the surfactants. The parameters characteristic of the growth curves: specific growth-rate, k, and the yield of biomass production per gram of surfactant, Y $_{ap}$, made possible the quantification and corroboration of the results during the biodegradation process.
Starting Page	145
Ending Page	153
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10973958
Journal	Journal of Surfactants and Detergents
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15589293
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-06-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fatty-alcohol ethoxylates Biodegradation Surfactants Physical Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Polymer Sciences Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surfaces, Coatings and Films Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Chemical Engineering

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