NDLI: Anatomical changes induced by increasing NaCl salinity in three fodder shrubs, Nitraria retusa, Atriplex halimus and Medicago arborea

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Anatomical changes induced by increasing NaCl salinity in three fodder shrubs, Nitraria retusa, Atriplex halimus and Medicago arborea

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Boughalleb, Fayçal Denden, Mounir Tiba, Bechir Ben
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Nitraria retusa and Atriplex halimus (xero-halophytes) plants were grown in the range 0–800 mM NaCl while Medicago arborea (glycophyte) in 0–300 mM NaCl. Plants were harvested after 120 days of salt-treatment. The present study was designed to study the effect of salinity on root, stem and leaf anatomy, water relationship, and plant growth in greenhouse conditions. Salinity induced anatomical changes in the roots, stems and leaves. The cuticle and epidermis of N. retusa and A. halimus stems were unaffected by salinity. However, root anatomical parameters (root cross section area, cortex thickness and stele to root area ratio), and stem anatomical parameters (stem cross section area and cortex area) were promoted at 100–200 mM NaCl. Indicating that low to moderate salinity had a stimulating effect on root and stem growth of these xero-halophytic species. At higher salinities, root and stem structures were altered significantly, and their percentages of reduction were higher in A. halimus than in N. retusa whereas, in M. arborea, they were strongly altered as salinity rose. NaCl (100–300 mM) reduced leaf water content by 21.2–56.2% and specific leaf area by 51–88.1%, while increased leaf anatomical parameters in M. arborea (e.g. increased thickness of upper and lower epidermis, palisade and spongy mesophyll, entire lamina, and increased palisade to spongy mesophyll ratio). Similar results were evidenced in A. halimus leaves with salinity exceeding 100 mM NaCl. Leaves of N. retusa were thinner in salt-stressed plants while epidermis thickness and water content was unaffected by salinity. The size of xylem vessel was unchanged under salinity in the leaf’s main vein of the three species while we have increased number in M. arborea leaf main vein in the range of 200–300 mM NaCl. A longer distance between leaf vascular bundle, a reduced size and increased number of xylem vessel especially in stem than in root vascular system was evidenced in M. arborea treated plants and only at (400–800 mM) in the xero-halophytic species. The effects of NaCl toxicity on leaf, stem and root ultrastructure are discussed in relation to the degree of salt resistance of these three species. Our results suggest that both N. retusa and A. halimus show high tolerance to salinity while M. arborea was considered as a salt tolerant species.
Starting Page	947
Ending Page	960
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01375881
Journal	Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
Volume Number	31
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	18611664
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2009-05-05
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Anatomical changes Salinity Xylem vessel Nitraria retusa Atriplex halimus Medicago arborea Agriculture Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Pathology Plant Biochemistry Plant Genetics & Genomics Plant Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Plant Science Agronomy and Crop Science

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