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Human EvoDevo

The Developmental Origins of Mosaic Evolution in the Primate Limb Skeleton

Evo-Devo of the Human Vertebral Column: On Homeotic Transformations, Pathologies and Prenatal Selection

Evolutionary Relationships Among Robust and Gracile Australopiths: An “Evo-devo” Perspective

Evolutionary Development in Australopithecus africanus

Postnatal Cranial Development in Papionin Primates: An Alternative Model for Hominin Evolutionary Development

Virtual Functional Morphology: Novel Approaches to the Study of Craniofacial Form and Function

How to Explore Morphological Integration in Human Evolution and Development?

The Developmental Basis of Quantitative Craniofacial Variation in Humans and Mice

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Brain Size Growth and Life History in Human Evolution

On the Possible Shapes of the Brain

Evolutionary Developmental Biology and Human Language Evolution: Constraints on Adaptation

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Developmental Plasticity, Epigenetics and Human Health

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Evolutionary Relationships Among Robust and Gracile Australopiths: An “Evo-devo” Perspective

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gunz, Philipp
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Hominin fossils of gracile and robust australopith groups were found both in East and in South Africa. It is unclear, however, whether all robusts belong to a monophyletic Paranthropus clade, as the craniofacial resemblance among robust australopiths might only be a superficial correlate of similar masticatory adaptations and not evidence of shared ancestry. It has been suggested that the East African Australopithecus/Paranthropus boisei and the South African A./P. robustus might be convergent allometric variants of their gracile geographical neighbors A. afarensis and A. africanus. Here we approach the phylogenetic questions about robust and gracile australopiths from an “evo-devo” perspective, examining how simple alterations of development could contribute to the shape differences among hominin species. Using geometric morphometrics we compare gracile and robust australopith crania in the context of the allometric scaling patterns of Pan troglodytes, P. paniscus, and Gorilla gorilla. We examine support for two alternative evolutionary scenarios based on predictions derived from quantitative genetics models: either (1) A./P. robustus evolved in South Africa from the gracile A. africanus, or (2) A./P. robustus is a local variant of the eastern African A./P. boisei. We use developmental simulations to demonstrate that some robust characteristics (wide faces, anteriorly placed zygomatics, and facial dishing) can be predicted by allometric scaling along the ontogenetic trajectory of the gracile A. africanus. We find, however, that the facial differences between A. africanus specimens (Taung, Sts 5, Sts 71, and Stw 505) and A./P. robustus specimen SK 48 cannot be explained by allometric scaling alone. Facial shape differences between A./P. robustus SK 48 and A./P. boisei (KNM-ER 732, KNM-ER 406, OH 5) and the A./P. aethiopicus specimen KNM-WT 17000, on the other hand, can largely be explained by allometric scaling. This is consistent with a close evolutionary relationship of these robust taxa.
Starting Page	472
Ending Page	487
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00713260
Journal	Evolutionary Biology
Volume Number	39
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	19342845
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-05-08
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Australopithecus Paranthropus Hominin Allometry Scaling Semilandmarks Geometric morphometrics Growth trajectory Development Swartkrans Sterkfontein Ecology Animal Genetics and Genomics Human Genetics Developmental Biology Evolutionary Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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Evolutionary Relationships Among Robust and Gracile Australopiths: An “Evo-devo” Perspective

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Evo-devo dynamics of hominin brain size

Life-History Inference in the Early Hominins Australopithecus and Paranthropus

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Evolutionary Development in Australopithecus africanus

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Evolutionary Relationships Among Robust and Gracile Australopiths: An “Evo-devo” Perspective