NDLI: Operational impacts to residual stands following ground-based skidding in Hyrcanian Forest, northern Iran

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Jourgholami, Meghdad
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Hyrcanian (Caspian) Forest in northern Iran has a richness of biological diversity, with endemic and endangered species. The usage of ground-based skidding is well accepted practice for the extraction of timber from the forest, but this operation has tended to cause the greatest environmental problems. The aims of the study were to evaluate and comparison of operational impacts, residual stand damage, regeneration, and to quantify these effects such as: the extent of the damage, wounding patterns, size and distribution after logging operations that utilized two different methods: short-log and long-log. A Timberjack cable skidder was used and the study location was in the Kheyrud Forest. Post harvesting assessment of damage to the residual stand was compared along skid trail by 100% inventory method and also for the assessment of regeneration damage along winching strips. The results show that along winching strips the percentage of damage to the regeneration was 44% and 36%, while the tree damages along skid trails reached 2.3% and 4.1% in the short-log and long-log methods, respectively. The greatest average amount of damage to a bole occurred along the first 1 m up from the ground (97%) and also within 4 m of the skidder centerline (80%). These results show that the short-log method causes less damage to the residual stand than the long-log method. Tree location to skidder trail appears to have a significant effect on the number and height of scars on a tree. Well designed and constructed trails should be wide enough to allow wood extraction from the forest. Damage to the residual stand might be reduced by proper planning and training of logging crews.
Starting Page	333
Ending Page	337
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1007662X
Journal	Journal of Forestry Research
Volume Number	23
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	19930607
Language	English
Publisher	Northeast Forestry University
Publisher Date	2012-05-02
Publisher Place	Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	operational impacts forest harvesting method residual stand damage regeneration Forestry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Forestry

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