NDLI: Effect of steam treatment during plasma spraying on the microstructure of hydroxyapatite splats and coatings

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Li, H. Khor, K. A. Cheang, P.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The major problems with plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings for hard tissue replacement are severe HA decomposition and insufficient mechanical properties of the coatings. Loss of crystalline HA after the high-temperature spraying is due mainly to the loss of OH$^{−}$ in terms of water. The current study used steam to treat HA droplets and coatings during both in-flight and flattening stages during plasma spraying. The microstructure of the HA coatings and splats was characterized using scanning electron microscope, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Results showed that a significant increase in crystallinity of the HA coating was achieved through the steam treatment (e.g., from 58 to 79%). In addition, the effects were dependent on particle sizes of the HA feedstock, more increase in crystallinity of the coatings made from smaller powders was revealed. The Raman spectroscopy analyses on the individual splats and coatings indicate that the mechanism involves entrapping of water molecules by the individual HA droplets upon their impingement. It further suggests that the HA decomposition has already taken place before the impingement of the droplets on precoating or substrate. The improvement in crystallinity and phases, for example, from tricalcium phosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate to HA, was achieved by reversing the HA decomposition through providing extra OH$^{−}$. Furthermore, the steam treatment during the spraying also accounts for remarkably increased adhesion strength from 9.09 to 23.13 MPa. The in vitro testing through immersing the HA coatings in simulated body fluid gives further evidence that the economic and simple steam treatment is promising in improving HA coating structure.
Starting Page	610
Ending Page	616
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10599630
Journal	Journal of Thermal Spray Technology
Volume Number	15
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15441016
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	crystallinity hydroxyapatite plasma spray steam treatment Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Tribology, Corrosion and Coatings Materials Science Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Operating Procedures, Materials Treatment Analytical Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Surfaces, Coatings and Films Materials Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics

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