NDLI: HgCdTe electron avalanche photodiodes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kinch, M. A. Beck, J. D. Wan, C. F. Ma, F. Campbell, J.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Exponential-gain values well in excess of 1,000 have been obtained in HgCdTe high-density, vertically integrated photodiode (HDVIP) avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with essentially zero excess noise. This phenomenon has been observed at temperatures in the range of 77–260 K for a variety of cutoff wavelengths in the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) band, with evidence of similar behavior in other IR bands. A theory for electron avalanche multiplication has been developed using density of states and electron-interaction matrix elements associated with the unique band structure of HgCdTe, with allowances being made for the relevant scattering mechanisms of both electrons and holes at these temperatures. This theory is used to develop an empirical model to fit the experimental data obtained at DRS Infrared Technologies. The functional dependence of gain on applied bias voltage is obtained by the use of one adjustable parameter relating electron energy to applied voltage. A more quantitative physical theory requires the use of Monte Carlo techniques incorporating the preceding scattering rates and ionization probabilities. This has been performed at the University of Texas at Austin, and preliminary data indicate good agreement with DRS models for both avalanche gain and excess noise as a function of applied bias. These data are discussed with a view to applications at a variety of wavelengths.
Starting Page	630
Ending Page	639
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03615235
Journal	Journal of Electronic Materials
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	1543186X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	HgCdTe avalanche photodiodes (APDs) mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) high-density vertically integrated photodiode (HDVIP) Optical and Electronic Materials Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation Solid State Physics and Spectroscopy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Materials Chemistry Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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