NDLI: Evaluation of wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) root extract as a potential epigenetic agent in breast cancer cells

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Evaluation of wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) root extract as a potential epigenetic agent in breast cancer cells

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Aumsuwan, Pranapda Khan, Shabana I. Khan, Ikhlas A. Avula, Bharathi Walker, Larry A. Helferich, William G. Katzenellenbogen, Benita S. Dasmahapatra, Asok K.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of wild yam root extract (WYRE) as a potential demethylating agent using two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 (estrogen receptor positive; ER$^{+}$) and MDA-MB-231 (Estrogen receptor negative; ER$^{−}$), and a methylated gene, GATA3, as a potential marker of breast cancer development. The cells were treated with WYRE (0–50 μg/mL) for 72 h and used for viability, mRNA, and methylation analyses. WYRE significantly reduced viability of both cell lines and enhanced mRNA content of GATA3 in a concentration-dependent manner; however, DNMT mRNAs (DNMT1, 3A, 3B) were found to increase significantly only in MDA-MB-231 cells. Global DNA methylation, analyzed as 5′-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), showed a concentration-dependent enhancement of 5-mC with no alteration in 5-hmC level in MCF-7 cells; however, in MDA-MB-231 cells, in contrast to MCF-7 cells, 5-mC remained unaltered but 5-hmC reduced significantly in all WYRE concentrations (10–50 μg/mL) used in this study. Since 5-hmC is generated from 5-mC by ten-eleven-translocation (TET) enzymes, analysis of TET mRNAs (TET1, TET2, and TET3) in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated a concentration-dependent reduction in TET1 and induction of TET3; however, TET2 remained unaltered. No alterations in any of the TET mRNAs were found in MCF-7 cells. Methylation analysis of GATA3 promoter at specific locus indicates probable demethylating activity of WYRE in MDA-MB-231 cells. We conclude that activation of GATA3 gene in ER$^{−}$ MDA-MB-231 cells may occur by altering DNA methylation pattern on the promoter region which may be different from the mechanisms operated in ER$^{+}$ MCF-7 cells.
Starting Page	59
Ending Page	71
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10712690
Journal	In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal
Volume Number	51
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	1543706X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-08-23
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Breast cancer Epigenetics DNMT TET Wild yam Methylation Cell Biology Developmental Biology Stem Cells Cell Culture Animal Genetics and Genomics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Developmental Biology Medicine

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