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Cytotoxicity induced by nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisin B$_{1}$ in the SF-9 insect cell line

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fornelli, Francesca Minervini, Fiorenza Mulè, Giuseppina
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	The toxicity of the mycotoxins nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B$_{1}$ (FB$_{1}$) was studied in the lepidopteran Spodoptera frugiperda (SF-9) cells, by the trypan blue dye-exclusion and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiozole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests, uptake analyses of cytotoxicity, and cell metabolism, respectively. Deoxytribonucleic acid analysis by flow cytometry was used to identify apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. After 48 h of exposure, the MTT and trypan blue dye-exclusion tests indicated that NIV was significantly more toxic than DON, and both were significantly more toxic than FB$_{1}$. The IC$_{50}$ (mycotoxin concentration resulting in 50% inhibition of proliferation) values for NIV and DON were 4.5 and 41 μM, and the CC$_{50}$ (mycotoxin concentration that caused 50% cytotoxicity) values were 9.5 and 45 μM, respectively. At the highest concentration of FB$_{1}$ (100 μM), there was 80% viability. With the same incubation time, cell cycles distribution showed an arrest of cells in the G$_{0}$/G$_{1}$ phase in the presence of NIV (up to 0.3 μM), DON (up to 3 μM), and FB$_{1}$ (up to 10 μM). Morphological evidence of apoptosis was related to the toxicity of the substances in that the more toxic NIV induced late apoptosis, whereas DON and FB$_{1}$ produced less-severe morphological changes characteristic of early apoptosis. This study suggests that NIV is more toxic than DON, which in turn is more toxic than FB$_{1}$. These mycotoxins can modify the normal progression of the cell cycle and induce an apoptotic process.
Starting Page	166
Ending Page	171
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10712690
Journal	In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	5-6
e-ISSN	1543706X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fusarium toxins MTT tests cell cycle apoptosis Cell Biology Developmental Biology Animal Genetics and Genomics Animal Biochemistry Animal Physiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Developmental Biology Medicine

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