NDLI: Co-precipitation synthesis and performance of multi-doped LiCr$_{x}$Ni$_{x}$Mn$_{2-2x}$O$_{4-z}$F$_{z}$ cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

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Co-precipitation synthesis and performance of multi-doped LiCr$_{x}$Ni$_{x}$Mn$_{2-2x}$O$_{4-z}$F$_{z}$ cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Li, Ronghua Gong, Feiyan Wang, Wenji
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	Multiple ion-doped lithium manganese oxides LiCr$_{x}$Ni$_{x}$Mn$_{2-2x}$O$_{4-z}$F$_{z}$ (0 < x ≤ 0.25, z = 0.05, 0.1) with a spinel structure and space group Fd $$ \overline{3} $$ m were prepared by using the co-precipitation procedure carried out in water–alcohol solvent using adipic acid as the chelating agent. The electrochemical measurements indicated that the charge/discharge capacities of the samples prepared at 600 °C are higher than that of the treatment at 800 °C or microwave heating. The capacitance-voltage (CV) curves of LiCr$_{x}$Ni$_{x}$Mn$_{2-2x}$O$_{4-z}$F$_{z}$ (0 < x ≤ 0.25, z = 0.05, 0.1) showed that when x ≤ 0.1, the samples had two reduction–oxidation peaks at 4.0 to 4.2-V region, whereas when x > 0.1, the samples had only one reduction–oxidation peak at 4.0- to 4.2-V region in CV measurements and could offer more stable voltage plateau in a 4-V region and also had stable electrical conductivity after 20 cycles. Another reduction–oxidation peak appeared in 4.6-4.8-V region (Ni$^{2+}$–Ni$^{4+}$ reduction–oxidation peaks); this suggests that the LiCr$_{x}$Ni$_{x}$Mn$_{2-2x}$O$_{4-z}$F$_{z}$ (0.1 < x≤ 0.25, z = 0.05, 0.1) cathode material could offer 4.6 to 4.8-V charge/discharge plateaus, and its specific capacity increases with increasing Ni$^{2+}$. The impedance measurements of the cell proved that the F$^{−}$ anion doped can not only prevent Mn$^{3+}$ from disproportion but also can prevent the passivation film from forming and can help keep stable the cell’s electrical properties. The LiCr$_{0.05}$Ni$_{0.05}$Mn$_{1.9}$O$_{3.9}$F$_{0.1}$ sintered at 600 °C shows the best cycle performance and the largest capacity in all prepared samples; its first discharge capacity is 120 mAh/g, and the discharge capacity loses only 1.78% after 20 cycles. After 100 cycles, it still remains in the spinel structure.
Starting Page	353
Ending Page	363
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09477047
Journal	Ionics
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	18620760
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2007-01-05
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Multiple doped Spinel Capacity Impedance cyclic voltammetry Electrical Power Generation and Transmission Renewable Energy Sources Condensed Matter Physical Chemistry Materials Science Electrochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Engineering Materials Science Chemical Engineering

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