NDLI: Propagation of pacemaker activity

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Joyner, Ronald W. Wilders, Ronald Wagner, Mary B.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Spontaneous activity of specific regions (e.g., the Sinoatrial node, SAN) is essential for the normal activation sequence of the heart and also serve as a primary means of modulating cardiac rate by sympathetic tone and circulating catecholamines. The mechanisms of how a small SAN region can electrically drive a much larger atrium, or how a small ectopic focus can drive surrounding ventricular or atrial tissue are complex, and involve the membrane properties and electrical coupling within the SAN or focus region as well as the membrane properties, coupling conductance magnitudes and also regional distribution within the surrounding tissue. We review here studies over the past few decades in which mathematical models and experimental studies have been used to determine some of the design principles of successful propagation from a pacemaking focus. These principles can be briefly summarized as (1) central relative uncoupling to protect the spontaneously firing cells from too much electrotonic inhibition, (2) a transitional region in which the cell type and electrical coupling change from the central SAN region to the peripheral atrial region, and (3) a distributed anisotropy to facilitate focal activity.
Starting Page	177
Ending Page	187
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01400118
Journal	Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing
Volume Number	45
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	17410444
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-09-02
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Sinoatrial node Electrical coupling Action potential propagation Cardiac rhythm Cardiac cell electrophysiology Numerical simulations Neurosciences Computer Applications Imaging Radiology Human Physiology Biomedical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering Computer Science Applications

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