NDLI: Sauer's non-linear voltage division

Please wait, while we are loading the content...

Theoretical study of the effect of local flow disturbances on the concentration of low-density lipoproteins at the luminal surface of end-to-end anastomosed vessels

Control of a hand grasp neuroprosthesis using an electroencephalogram-triggered switch: Demonstration of improvements in performance using wavepacket analysis

Surface myomechanical responses recorded on a scanner galvanometer

Analysis of dynamic cerebral autoregulation using an ARX model based on arterial blood pressure and middle cerebral artery velocity simulation

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 40, Issue 4, July 2002

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 40, Issue 3, May 2002

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 40, Issue 2, March 2002

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 40, Issue 1, January 2002

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 39

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 38

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 37

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 36

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing : Volume 35

Sauer's non-linear voltage division

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Schwan, H. P. McAdams, E. T. Jossinet, J.
Copyright Year	2002
Abstract	The non-linearity of the electrode-tissue interface impedance gives rise to harmonics and thus degrades the accuracy of impedance measurements. Also, electrodes are often driven into the non-linear range of their polarisation impedance. This is particularly true in clinical applications. Techniques to correct for electrode effects are usually based on linear electrode impedance data. However, these data can be very different from the non-linear values needed. Non-linear electrode data suggested a model based on simple assumptions. It is useful in predicting the frequency dependence of non-linear effects from linear properties. Sauer's treatment is a first attempt to provide a more general and rigorous basis for modelling the non-linear state. The paper reports Sauer's treatment of the non-linear case and points out its limitations. The paper considers Sauer's treatment of a series arrangement of two impedances. The tissue impedance is represented by a linear voltage-current characteristic. The interface impedance is represented by a Volterra expansion. The response of this network to periodic signals is calculated up to the second-order term of the series expansion. The resultant, time-dependent current is found to contain a DC term (rectification), as well as frequency-dependent terms. Sauer's treatment assumes a voltage clamp across the impedances and neglects higher-order terms in the series expansion. As a consequence, it fails adequately to represent some experimentally observed phenomena. It is therefore suggested that Sauer's expressions for the voltage divider should be combined with the non-linear treatments previously published by the co-authors. Although Sauer's work on the non-linear voltage divider was originally applied to the study of the non-linear behaviour of the electrode-electrolyte interface and biological tissues, it is stressed, however, that the work is applicable to a wide range of research areas.
Starting Page	542
Ending Page	545
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01400118
Journal	Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	17410444
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2002-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Non-linearity Harmonics Impedance Electrodes Human Physiology Computer Applications Neurosciences Imaging Radiology Biomedical Engineering
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering Computer Science Applications

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Impedance of goat eye lens at different DC voltages

Electrical characteristics of conductive yarns and textile electrodes for medical applications

Nonlinear transient response of electrode—electrolyte interfaces

Assessment of distributed arterial network models

Impedance-gradient electrode reduces skin irritation induced by transthoracic defibrillation

Outlining the prostate boundary using the harmonics method

Estimation of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema using dual-frequency electrical impedance

Synthesis of a digitally controlled impedance element

Respiratory input impedance measurement: Forced oscillation methods

Sauer's non-linear voltage division

Similar Documents

Impedance of goat eye lens at different DC voltages

Electrical characteristics of conductive yarns and textile electrodes for medical applications

Nonlinear transient response of electrode—electrolyte interfaces

Assessment of distributed arterial network models

Impedance-gradient electrode reduces skin irritation induced by transthoracic defibrillation

Outlining the prostate boundary using the harmonics method

Estimation of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema using dual-frequency electrical impedance

Synthesis of a digitally controlled impedance element

Respiratory input impedance measurement: Forced oscillation methods

Sauer's non-linear voltage division