NDLI: Influence of electrode impedance on threshold voltage for transcranial electrical stimulation in motor evoked potential monitoring

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Journée, H. L. Polak, H. E. Kleuver, M.
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Motor potentials evoked by transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) are used for monitoring the motor pathways, with emphasis on the spinal cord and brainstem. The stimulus voltage threshold is the voltage below which no motor response can be elicited. It has frequently been used as a monitoring parameter. However, its value can be limited, because it is affected by the impedance of the stimulus electrode. For example, the voltage threshold can change owing to formation of oedema of the scalp. The relationship between the TES voltage threshold and the electrode impedance of different electrode types was studied and discussed in the context of neuromonitoring: 323 impedance and voltage threshold pairs were studied, and TES was performed with dics cup EEG electrodes (six), corkscrew electrodes (type I: seven, type II: eight), multiple EEG needle electrodes (16) and a large needle electrode Cz′ (anode) together with a ground strip over the forehead (cathode) (286). The study found the voltage threshold to be strongly dependent on electrode impedance when the impedance was higher than 460 Μ (correlation: R$^{2}$=0.87; p<0.001). Below 460Ω, which included 91% of the category with the largest electrode surfaces, 25% of the multiple EEG electrodes and 75% of type II corkscrew electrodes, no significant correlation (R$^{2}$=0.0064; p=0.15) was found. It was concluded that the correlation between the TES voltage threshold and electrode impedance can be markedly reduced by using TES electrodes with large contact surfaces, resulting in limit values for these parameters. This also may improve the reliability of TES motor evoked potential monitoring.
Starting Page	557
Ending Page	561
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01400118
Journal	Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	17410444
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Transcranial electrical stimulation Safety Impedance Motor evoked potentials Brain Threshold monitoring Biomedical Engineering Human Physiology Imaging Radiology Computer Applications
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biomedical Engineering Computer Science Applications

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