NDLI: Startup of air-cooled condensers and dry cooling towers at low temperatures of the cooling air

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Milman, O. O. Ptakhin, A. V. Kondratev, A. V. Shifrin, B. A. Yankov, G. G.
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The problems of startup and performance of air-cooled condensers (ACC) and dry cooling towers (DCT) at low cooling air temperatures are considered. Effects of the startup of the ACC at sub-zero temperatures are described. Different options of the ACC heating up are analyzed, and examples of existing technologies are presented (electric heating, heating up with hot air or steam, and internal and external heating). The use of additional heat exchanging sections, steam tracers, in the DCT design is described. The need for high power in cases of electric heating and heating up with hot air is noted. An experimental stand for research and testing of the ACC startup at low temperatures is described. The design of the three-pass ACC unit is given, and its advantages over classical single-pass design at low temperatures are listed. The formation of ice plugs inside the heat exchanging tubes during the start-up of ACC and DCT at low cooling air temperatures is analyzed. Experimental data on the effect of the steam flow rate, steam nozzle distance from the heat-exchange surface, and their orientation in space on the metal temperature were collected, and test results are analyzed. It is noted that the surface temperature at the end of the heat up is almost independent from its initial temperature. Recommendations for the safe start-up of ACCs and DCTs are given. The heating flow necessary to sufficiently heat up heat-exchange surfaces of ACCs and DCTs for the safe startup is estimated. The technology and the process of the heat up of the ACC with the heating steam external supply are described by the example of the startup of the full-scale section of the ACC at sub-zero temperatures of the cooling air, and the advantages of the proposed start-up technology are confirmed.
Starting Page	329
Ending Page	335
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00406015
Journal	Thermal Engineering
Volume Number	63
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15556301
Language	English
Publisher	Pleiades Publishing
Publisher Date	2016-05-14
Publisher Place	Moscow
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	air-cooled condenser dry cooling tower electric heating heating steam condensation startup shutdown Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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