NDLI: The origin of membranes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Natochin, Yu. V.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	The physicochemical conditions of the environment in which life arose are discussed, along with the appearance of protocells, their membranous envelope and the subsequent appearance of plasma membranes. The hypothesis that the first cells originated in reservoirs where potassium and magnesium salts (necessary for protein synthesis and thus for the formation of a cellular membrane) dominated, is substantiated. This was followed by adaptation of these cells to an external ocean-like environment, where sodium salts were prevalent. This stage of evolution required a plasma membrane capable of providing ion asymmetry between the cell’s cytoplasm and the external environment. At this stage of evolution in the predecessors of animals, the process of removal of sodium ions and accumulation of potassium ions began functioning in the plasma membrane. The problem of multicellular organisms was solved differently by animals and plants: animals developed a system of the extracellular fluids that provided stable physicochemical conditions on the external surface of the plasma membrane. Sodium ions were the stimulus for the formation of the polar cell, where sodium channels are situated on one side of the plasma membrane, and sodium pumps on the other, allowing the development of the absorption, excretion and breathing functions. The formation of fluids of the internal environment enabled the development of homeostasis and facilitated the biological progress of the animal kingdom.
Starting Page	860
Ending Page	869
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00310301
Journal	Paleontological Journal
Volume Number	44
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15556174
Language	English
Publisher	SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica
Publisher Date	2010-12-25
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Paleontology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Paleontology

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