NDLI: Vitamin D Treatment Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease, Shifting M1 to M2 Microglia Responses

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Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : Volume 12, Issue 1, Supplement,April 2017

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Vitamin D Treatment Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease, Shifting M1 to M2 Microglia Responses

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Calvello, Rosa Cianciulli, Antonia Nicolardi, Giuseppe De Nuccio, Francesco Giantti, Laura Salvatore, Rosaria Porro, Chiara Trotta, Teresa Panaro, Maria Antonietta Lofrumento, Dario Domenico
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has been described as a common hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is believed to further exacerbate the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Current therapies are unable to prevent the disease progression. A significant association has been demonstrated between PD and low levels of vitamin D in patients serum, and vitamin D supplement appears to have a beneficial clinical effect. Herein, we investigated whether vitamin D administered orally in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced preclinical animal model of PD protects against glia-mediated inflammation and nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. Vitamin D significantly attenuated the MPTP-induced loss of tyrosine hydrlase (TH)-positive neuronal cells, microglial cell activation (Iba1-immunoreactive), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and TLR-4 expression, typical hallmarks of the pro-inflammatory (M1) activation of microglia. Additionally, Vitamin D was able to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression in distinct brain areas of the MPTP mouse. Importantly, we also assessed the anti-inflammatory property of vitamin D in the MPTP mouse, in which it upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β) mRNA expression as well as increasing the expression of CD163, CD206 and CD204, typical hallmarks of alternative activation of microglia for anti-inflammatory signalling (M2). Collectively, these results demonstrate that vitamin D exhibits substantial neuroprotective effects in this PD animal model, by attenuating pro-inflammatory and up-regulating anti-inflammatory processes.
Starting Page	327
Ending Page	339
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15571890
Journal	Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15571904
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-12-16
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Vitamin D Microglia MPTP Parkinson’s disease Neuroinflammation Neurosciences Immunology Pharmacology/Toxicology Virology Cell Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Immunology and Allergy Pharmacology Immunology

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