NDLI: Neurometabolite Abnormalities in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques with Chronic Morphine Administration

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Cloak, Christine C. Chang, Linda O’Neil, Shawn P. Ernst, Thomas M. Anderson, Daniel C. Donahoe, Robert M.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Opiate abuse increases the risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, while both opiates and HIV may impact the immune and nervous systems. To model potential interactions between opiate drugs and HIV on the brain, neurometabolite levels were evaluated in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques with or without chronic morphine administration. Over the course of the study, 58% of these SIV-infected animals progressed to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Brain extracts from four brain regions were evaluated with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Animals with AIDS had lower N-acetyl-aspartate in all four brain regions (p ≤ 0.05) as well as lower frontal gray matter total creatine (p = 0.03), lower frontal white matter (p = 0.003) and caudate (p = 0.002) glutamate, and higher frontal white matter myo-inositol (p = 0.05) than the healthier non-AIDS macaques. Morphine-dependent animals had higher levels of myo-inositol in the putamen (p = 0.003), especially those with AIDS. In the animals with AIDS, those with morphine dependence had higher total creatine in the frontal white matter (p = 0.04) than those treated with saline, which in turn had lower creatine than saline-injected animals without AIDS (p = 0.04), leading to an interaction between the effects of morphine and AIDS on total creatine in this brain region (ANOVA p = 0.02). The majority of these brain metabolites correlated with viral counts indicating more severe metabolite abnormalities in animals with higher viral loads or set points. Collectively, these findings suggest that chronic morphine may protect against the neurotoxic effect of AIDS and reinforce the importance of maintaining a low viral load in AIDS.
Starting Page	371
Ending Page	380
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15571890
Journal	Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	15571904
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2010-10-12
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	AIDS Opiates SIV Neurometabolite Viral load Cell Biology Immunology Virology Pharmacology/Toxicology Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Immunology and Allergy Pharmacology Immunology

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