NDLI: Environmental risk assessment of a metal-contaminated area in the Tropics. Tier I: screening phase

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Niemeyer, Júlia C. Moreira Santos, Matilde gueira, Marco Antonio Carvalho, Gabriel Machado Ribeiro, Rui Silva, Eduardo Mendes Sousa, José Paulo
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	The present study presents data on the screening phase (tier 1) of a site-specific ecological risk assessment in a former smelter area heavily contaminated with metals (Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil). Joining information from three lines of evidence (LoE), chemical, ecotoxicological, and ecological, integrated risk values were calculated to rank sites within the area and identify those that may need further investigation in tier 2.Eleven points were selected up to 1,000 m from the smelter. Three reference points were 3 and 9 km away from the area. Risk values for the chemical LoE were derived from calculating the toxic pressure based on total metal concentrations. Those for the ecotoxicological LoE were based on avoidance (Folsomia candida and Eisenia andrei) and eluate tests (Daphnia magna acute test and Microtox) whereas for the ecological LoE the bait lamina test, soil basal respiration, and vegetation cover were used to derive risk values.The chemical LoE showed high risk in those points inside the area where metal loadings exceeded in much the existing soil screening values. Ecotoxicological tools showed a variable response, with tests on soil organisms inducing a higher risk (again at sites inside the smelter and with sandy soils) than tests on eluates. The three parameters composing the ecological LoE revealed a concordant response, despite the lower sensitivity of the vegetation cover. A high risk on this LoE was also observed on those sampling points where a high chemical risk was calculated.Integrated risk was low outside the smelter area. Inside, a high spatial heterogeneity of risk levels was observed, related to the non homogeneous deposition of smelting residues. Very high risk levels, associated with sandy soils and residue deposits, suggest the need to proceed with remediation actions. However, the uncertainties associated with the contradictory information given by certain LoEs for certain sampling points show the need to confirm potential risks in a tier 2 analysis.
Starting Page	1557
Ending Page	1571
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14390108
Journal	Journal of Soils and Sediments
Volume Number	10
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	16147480
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-05-26
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Integrated risk values Lines of evidence Soil habitat function Soil retention function Triad Environmental Physics Environment Soil Science & Conservation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes

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