NDLI: Accumulation and persistence of sewage and fish cannery pollution in coastal sediments (northern Adriatic Sea)

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Paliaga, Paolo Felja, Igor Ušić, Ugo Ivančić, Ingrid Najdek, Mirjana
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	The study was carried out in sediments exposed to three different types of sewage pollution: primary treated sewage waters, urban/fish cannery untreated effluents, and discharges from boats (harbors) to evaluate the level and sources of pollution and the relationships between organic contaminants and chemical-physical factors that affect their accumulation and persistence in sediments. For this purpose, the occurrence and distribution of sterols, fecal indicator bacteria, hydrocarbons, granulometry, and redox conditions in sediments were analyzed.Sediment cores were collected by scuba divers and redox potential was determined in situ by vertical penetration of Pt electrode. For determining the granulometric composition, samples were wet sieved through ASTM sieves. The fraction <0.063 mm was analyzed using the Sedigraph method of particle sizing. Fecal coliforms (FC) and fecal streptococci (FS) were determined using the multiple test tube most probable number method. Sterols (foremost: coprostanol COP; cholesterol CHL) and hydrocarbons (n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic PAH) were analyzed by GC/MSD. Specific ratios and plots of sterols were used as diagnostic tools for sources and levels of sewage contamination. The occurrence and diagnostic ratios of n-alkanes and PAHs have been used to trace the pollution and origin of hydrocarbons.At the sewage disposal site, COP, FC, and FS correlated and decreased with distance from the outfall, being predominantly associated with the very fine sand fraction. The primary treatment of sewage waters was ineffective and fecal pollution was diagnosed in a radius of 300 m around the outfall. The grain size composition of surface sediments was altered in comparison to the deeper sediments. In the sediments within the reach of the fish cannery effluents, CHL predominated or paralleled β-sitosterol, the principal sterol in harbors. COP was not correlated to FC or FS. PAHs within the extent of spread of the fish cannery effluents were comparable to those in the harbor sediments, regardless of considerably lower traffic intensity. In all sediments, PAHs were of pyrogenic origin.At the sewage disposal site, the level of pollution and the alterations in the granulometric composition of surface sediments followed a pattern consistent with dominant current direction. Accumulation of organic matter around the outfalls created highly anoxic conditions that favored persistence of fecal pollution, in situ formation of COP, enhanced accumulation of PAHs, and/or prolonged survival of fecal bacteria in the sediment. The industrial outfall, even if smaller than the urban, affected the sediment similarly.
Starting Page	1751
Ending Page	1766
Page Count	16
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14390108
Journal	Journal of Soils and Sediments
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	16147480
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2017-01-06
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Coastal sediments Sewage pollution Fecal indicator bacteria Fecal sterols Northern Adriatic Sea PAHs Soil Science & Conservation Environment Environmental Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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