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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Kleeberg, Andreas Köhler, Antje Hupfer, Michael |
| Copyright Year | 2012 |
| Abstract | In lake restoration, the redox sensitivity of iron (Fe)–phosphorus (P) compounds has been regarded as detrimental for a sustainable increase in sedimentary P retention since developing low redox potentials release Fe-bound P. Thus, Fe salts alone have rarely been used successfully to inactivate sediment P, and there are no studies on the long-term effects of in-lake Fe applications on P retention. Here, we analyzed for how long, and how efficiently, a single and continuous Fe application can affect the P budget of lakes.Two aerated lakes in Berlin, Germany were compared: Lake Tegel (TEG) experienced a continuous Fe supply via its tributaries, while Lake Groß-Glienicke (GGS) was treated once with Fe in the winter of 1992/1993. By controlling the operation of aerators, their effectiveness on P exchange at the sediment–water interface (non-aerated vs. aerated) was directly compared in spring and autumn between 2008 and 2010. The amount of P controllable by aeration (P $_{control}$) was experimentally determined by non-aerated vs. aerated sediment cores (at 10 and 16 °C). Core stratigraphy of Fe was observed by high-resolution μX-ray fluorescence analysis.In TEG, the mobility of Fe was limited due to its sulfidic fixation, and thus Fe only accumulated slightly at the sediment surface (Fe/P ratio, ∼3). P $_{control}$ corresponded to only 4 % of the P content of the lake and 18 % of P loading. Hence, aeration only slightly influenced trophy-relevant epilimnetic P. In GGS, the single Fe application still ensures a high P binding ability of sediment since Fe relocated towards the surface (Fe/P ratio, ∼7). P $_{control}$ corresponded to 38 % of the P content of the lake and 74 % of annual P loading. Thus, the P release is not relevant for the P supply to the epilimnion since with the lake’s overturn P is co-precipitated by the hypolimnetically accumulated Fe.When external P loading is sufficiently reduced, as in GGS, amendments to Fe precipitants can increase sediment P retention in a redox-dependent manner over the long term. Thus, the redox-dependent mobility of Fe should no longer be regarded as a disadvantage of Fe-containing precipitants. To compensate for co-precipitation and complexation of Fe with sediment organic matter, a high Fe dosage (≥200 g m$^{−2}$) is needed. |
| Starting Page | 1593 |
| Ending Page | 1603 |
| Page Count | 11 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14390108 |
| Journal | Journal of Soils and Sediments |
| Volume Number | 12 |
| Issue Number | 10 |
| e-ISSN | 16147480 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2012-09-06 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Hypolimnetic oxygenation Iron Lake restoration Manganese μX-ray fluorescence Phosphorus release Redox potential Environmental Physics Environment Soil Science & Conservation |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes |
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