NDLI: Seasonal delivery of organic matter and metals to farm canals: effect on sediment phosphorus storage capacity

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Bhadha, Jehangir H. Lang, Timothy A. Daroub, Samira H.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA), USA, comprises nearly 280,000 ha of organic soil farmlands that are drained by a network of farm canals. During the wet summer season, the water-table in the farmlands is maintained by moving water from farm canals via low-fit, high-volume drainage pumps. The drainage pumping creates a hydraulic pressure gradient, which has the potential to deliver particulate and dissolved substrates from surrounding farmlands into farm canals. This study investigated the role that seasonal drainage plays on the fate and transport of farm canal water including nutrients and metals, plants, and sediments.Intact sediment cores were collected from eight farm canals during the months of November and June, sectioned into two depth intervals (0–2.5 and 2.5–5 cm), and tested for organic matter (OM), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al). In addition, water from the canal (core-water) was also collected and tested for total P, total dissolved P, soluble reactive P, particulate P, dissolved organic carbon, and calcium (Ca). Oxalate extractable Fe, Al, and P were used to estimate sediment P storage capacity. In order to evaluate the seasonal variability in aquatic vegetation coverage in the farm canals, spatial assessment of coverage was conducted every 2 months over a 2-year period.Significant increases in Fe and Al concentrations were observed in the sediment in November compared with June, possibly derived from surrounding soils. The source of OM to the sediments was directly associated with aquatic plants, following a seasonal trend. Total P and Ca were significantly higher in the water during June compared with November. The seasonal trends in sediment and core-water concentrations can be explained by groundwater inputs, surface runoff, and plant coverage within farm canals. High concentrations of Fe and Al in the sediments did not reflect a high P storage capacity, due to the presence of high OM content and seasonal fluctuations in redox potential.The discharge of groundwater from surrounding farmlands is seasonal and has the potential to deliver nutrients, OM, and metals into adjacent farm canals. During summer, primary productivity is at its peak, and this has a direct effect on the percent aquatic plant coverage, nutrient cycling, and P storage capacity within the farm canals. Within the EAA farm canals, the presence of Ca-carbonate may have a greater influence on P storage capacity of the sediments than Fe and Al.
Starting Page	991
Ending Page	1003
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14390108
Journal	Journal of Soils and Sediments
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	16147480
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-01-14
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Aluminium Everglades Agricultural Area Farm canals Iron Phosphorus Sediment phosphorus sorption capacity Soil Science & Conservation Environment Environmental Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes

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