NDLI: Recent sedimentation rates in Garaet El Ichkeul Lake, NW Tunisia, as affected by the construction of dams and a regulatory sluice

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Recent sedimentation rates in Garaet El Ichkeul Lake, NW Tunisia, as affected by the construction of dams and a regulatory sluice

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Recent sedimentation rates in Garaet El Ichkeul Lake, NW Tunisia, as affected by the construction of dams and a regulatory sluice

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Trabelsi, Yasser Gharbi, Foued Ghali, Abdessalem Oueslati, Mansour Samaali, Mohammad Abdelli, Wahid Baccouche, Souad Tekaya, Malik Ben Benmansour, Moncef Mabit, Lionel M’Barek, Nabiha Ben Reguigui, Nafaa Abril, Jose M.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Ichkeul National Park, NW Tunisia, is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Garaet El Ichkeul Lake is known for its seasonal variability in water level and salinity. In recent decades, the waterbody has been affected by the construction of new hydraulic structures. To reduce the impacts of dams and to maintain the sustainability of the ecosystem, a sluice was built at the outlet of the lake, and it operated for the first time in 1996. This paper describes an investigation of recent sedimentation dynamics in Ichkeul Lake, determined by radiometric dating of sediment cores.A sediment core was collected with a UWITEC gravity corer at the deepest, central part of the lake in August 2009. Specific activities of unsupported lead-210 ($^{210}$Pb) and caesium-137 ($^{137}$Cs) were measured in the core, enabling calculation of recent sediment accumulation rates (SAR). Published radiometric data from nearby sediment cores, collected in 1997 and 1982, provide a comparison.The measured excess $^{210}$Pb inventory was 5300 ± 500 Bq m$^{−2}$, leading to an estimation of constant flux of 165 ± 16 Bq m$^{−2}$ yr$^{−1}$, a value higher than the best estimate for local atmospheric fluxes (123 ± 12 Bq m$^{−2}$ yr$^{−1}$) and the flux estimated from the core collected in 1982 (48 Bq m$^{−2}$ yr$^{−1}$). The $^{137}$Cs inventory was 3550 ± 120 Bq m$^{−2}$, two times higher than the historical $^{137}$Cs atmospheric deposition in the area. The $^{137}$Cs profile displayed a distinct peak, but the $^{137}$Cs depth-distribution did not follow the pattern expected from atmospheric deposition. Application of the constant rate of supply (CRS) model, with the reference point method, produced a chronology and SAR values comparable to those found in previous work. The whole $^{137}$Cs profile was quantitatively reconstructed from the historical records of atmospheric deposition, using the system-time-averaged (STA) model.The CRS and STA models provide consistent sediment accumulation results for the whole data set, considering the time resolution of the chronology (~6 years) and analytical uncertainties. Results from cores sampled in 1982, 1997 and 2009 reveal an increasing SAR trend, from ~0.25 g cm$^{−2}$ yr$^{−1}$ in the early 1940s to ~0.67 g cm$^{−2}$ yr$^{−1}$ at present. In the 13 years since installation of sluice gates at Tinja, SAR in the central Ichkeul Lake has not declined. Thus, if siltation continues at the present rate, shallowing of the lake will seriously affect the hydromorphology and ecology of this important lake.
Starting Page	784
Ending Page	796
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14390108
Journal	Journal of Soils and Sediments
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	16147480
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-03-16
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Pb dating $^{137}$Cs dating CRS reference point Ichkeul lake Sediment accumulation rates STA model Soil Science & Conservation Environment Environmental Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Stratigraphy Earth-Surface Processes

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