NDLI: Sources and pathways of artificial radionuclides to soils at a High Arctic site

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Łokas, E. Bartmiński, P. Wachniew, P. Mietelski, J. W. Kawiak, T. Środoń, J.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Activity concentrations, inventories and activity ratios of $^{137}$Cs, $^{238}$Pu, $^{239 + 240}$Pu and $^{241}$Am in soil profiles were surveyed in the dry tundra and the adjoining proglacial zones of glaciers at a High Arctic site on Svalbard. Vertical profiles of radionuclide activities were determined in up to 14-cm-thick soil sequences. Additionally, soil properties (pH, organic matter, texture, mineral composition and sorption capacity) were analyzed. Results obtained in this study revealed a large range of activity concentrations and inventories of the fallout radionuclides from the undetectable to the uncommonly high levels (inventories of 30,900 ± 940, 47 ± 6, 886 ± 80 and 296 ± 19 Bq/m$^{2}$ for $^{137}$Cs, $^{238}$Pu, $^{239 + 240}$Pu and $^{241}$Am, respectively) found in two profiles from the proglacial zone. Concentration of these initially airborne radionuclides in the proglacial zone soils is related to their accumulation in cryoconites that have a large ability to concentrate trace metals. The cryoconites develop on the surface of glaciers, and the material they accumulate is deposited on land surface after the glaciers retreat. The radionuclide inventories in the tundra soils, which effectively retain radionuclides due to high organic matter contents, were comparable to the global fallout deposition for this region of the world. The $^{238}$Pu/$^{239 + 240}$Pu activity ratios for tundra soils suggested global fallout as the dominant source of Pu. The $^{238}$Pu/$^{239 + 240}$Pu and $^{239 + 240}$Pu/$^{137}$Cs activity ratios in the proglacial soils pointed to possible contributions of these radionuclides from other, unidentified sources.
Starting Page	12479
Ending Page	12493
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09441344
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume Number	21
Issue Number	21
e-ISSN	16147499
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-06-20
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Artificial radionuclides Soils Cryoconites Proglacial zone Arctic Environment Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Environmental Health Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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