NDLI: Toxicology of isoproturon to the food crop wheat as affected by salicylic acid

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Liang, Lu Lu, Yan Li Yang, Hong
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Isoproturon, a herbicide belonging to the phenylurea family, is widely used to kill weeds in soils. Recent study indicated that isoproturon has become a contaminant in ecosystems due to its intensive use, thus bringing environmental risks to crop production safety. Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the components in plant defense signaling pathways and regulates diverse physiological responses to biotic and environmental stresses. The purpose of the study is to help to understand how SA mediates the biological process in wheat under isoproturon stress.Wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum, cv. Yangmai 13) were surface-sterilized and placed on moist filter paper for germination. After 24 h, the germinating seeds were placed on a plastic pot (1 L) containing 1,120 g soil mixed with isoproturon at 4 mg kg$^{−1}$ soil. After 4 days, wheat leaves were sprayed with 5 mg L$^{−1}$ SA. The SA treatment was undertaken once a day and lasted for 6 days, when the third true leaf was well developed. For control seedlings, only water was sprayed. Seedlings were grown under a light intensity of 300 µmol m$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$ with a light/dark cycle of 12/12 h at 25°C, and watered to keep 70% relative water content in soils.We investigated the role of SA in alleviating isoproturon-induced toxicity in the food crop wheat (T. aestivum). Plants exposed to 4 mg kg$^{−1}$ isoproturon showed growth stunt and oxidative damage, but concomitant treatment with 5 mg L$^{−1}$ SA was able to attenuate the toxic effect. Isoproturon in soils was readily accumulated by wheat, but such accumulation can be blocked significantly by SA application. Treatment with SA decreased the abundance of O$_{2}$ $^{.−}$ and H$_{2}$O$_{2}$, as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes, and increased activities of catalase in isoproturon-exposed plants. The enzyme activities were confirmed by the native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Further, an RT-PCR-based assay was performed to show that several transcripts coding antioxidant enzymes were increased with isoproturon but decreased by SA.The present results indicate that exogenous SA is able to improve the wheat tolerance to isoproturon toxicity.
Starting Page	2044
Ending Page	2054
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09441344
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	16147499
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-01-10
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Salicylic acid Isoproturon Toxicity Food crop Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Environment Industrial Pollution Prevention Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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