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Recognition of scent marks in solitary bees to avoid previously visited flowers

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Yokoi, Tomoyuki Fujisaki, Kenji
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Knowing how floral visitors forage efficiently among flowers is important to understanding plant-pollinator interactions. When bees search for rewarding flowers, they use several visual cues to detect the available floral resources. In addition to these cues, bees can recognize scent marks, which are olfactory cues left on flowers foraged by previous visitors. This behavior is well known in social bees, such as honeybees and bumblebees. Although solitary bees do not need to give information about which flowers were foraged to conspecifics, several pieces of evidence have indicated the use of scent marks. However, it is unknown whether the behavior is widely used in many different bee species. We investigated whether four different solitary bees, Colletes patellatus (Colletidae), Andrena prostomias (Andrenidae), Osmia orientalis (Megachilidae), and Tetralonia mitsukurii (Apidae), can recognize flowers that have been foraged previously by visitors within 3 min. All four bees showed rejection responses to flowers foraged by conspecifics. However, our results showed that responses to foraged flowers varied among bee species. The tendency of A. prostomias and T. mitsukurii to reject the foraged flowers was pronounced, while in C. patellatus and O. orientalis it was weak. In both A. prostomias and T. mitsukurii, the rejection rate of flowers foraged by conspecifics decreased as the time lag after the last visit increased. Both bees visited the flowers from which pollen or nectar had been artificially removed. We suggest that A. prostomias and T. mitsukurii would recognize scent marks left by previous visitors, while the other two bees would not recognize them so strongly. It is likely that the decision to use scent marks is dependent either on the richness of resources or on the complexity of floral structure.
Starting Page	803
Ending Page	809
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09123814
Journal	Ecological Research
Volume Number	24
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	14401703
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Japan
Publisher Date	2008-10-07
Publisher Place	Japan
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Floral resources Foraging strategies Scent marks Solitary bees Rejection responses Forestry Behavioural Sciences Evolutionary Biology Zoology Plant Sciences Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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