NDLI: Bacterial community analysis in chlorpyrifos enrichment cultures via DGGE and use of bacterial consortium for CP biodegradation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Akbar, Shamsa Sultan, Sikander Kertesz, Michael
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP) has been used extensively since the 1960s for insect control. However, its toxic effects on mammals and persistence in environment necessitate its removal from contaminated sites, biodegradation studies of CP-degrading microbes are therefore of immense importance. Samples from a Pakistani agricultural soil with an extensive history of CP application were used to prepare enrichment cultures using CP as sole carbon source for bacterial community analysis and isolation of CP metabolizing bacteria. Bacterial community analysis (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) revealed that the dominant genera enriched under these conditions were Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas, along with lower numbers of Sphingomonas, Agrobacterium and Burkholderia. Furthermore, it revealed that members of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, α- and γ-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were present at initial steps of enrichment whereas β-Proteobacteria appeared in later steps and only Proteobacteria were selected by enrichment culturing. However, when CP-degrading strains were isolated from this enrichment culture, the most active organisms were strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas mendocina and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These strains degraded 6–7.4 mg L$^{−1}$ day$^{−1}$ of CP when cultivated in mineral medium, while the consortium of all four strains degraded 9.2 mg L$^{−1}$ day$^{−1}$ of CP (100 mg L$^{−1}$). Addition of glucose as an additional C source increased the degradation capacity by 8–14 %. After inoculation of contaminated soil with CP (200 mg kg$^{−1}$) disappearance rates were 3.83–4.30 mg kg$^{−1}$ day$^{−1}$ for individual strains and 4.76 mg kg$^{−1}$ day$^{−1}$ for the consortium. These results indicate that these organisms are involved in the degradation of CP in soil and represent valuable candidates for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soils and waters.
Starting Page	2755
Ending Page	2766
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09593993
Journal	World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
Volume Number	30
Issue Number	10
e-ISSN	15730972
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2014-07-10
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Chlorpyrifos Organophosphates Biodegradation DGGE Consortium Enrichment Applied Microbiology Biotechnology Biochemistry Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Microbiology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Medicine Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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